The Athenian Sicilian Expedition
Athens' great armada perishes at Syracuse

In 415 BC Athens sent a huge fleet to conquer Syracuse, but its champion Alcibiades was recalled to stand trial before it even landed and defected to Sparta. In 413 BC the Athenian army was destroyed: its generals were executed and thousands of prisoners died in the quarries of Syracuse.
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Meanwhile around the world (±25 years)
Asia
- 403 BC The Partition of Jin opens the Warring States — 12 years later
Alive at the time
- Socrates (aged 55)
- Plato (aged 13)
- Sophocles (aged 82)
- Hippocrates (aged 45)
- Democritus (aged 45)
- Aspasia (aged 55)
- Mozi (aged 55)
- Antisthenes (aged 30)