Battle of Ain Jalut
The Mamluks deal the Mongols their first major field defeat
The Mamluks of Egypt under Qutuz and Baybars defeated a Mongol army in Palestine. The first major Mongol defeat in open battle halted their advance in the Middle East and saved Egypt.
Wikipedia (Russian) · Wikipedia (English) · 13th century
Meanwhile around the world (±25 years)
Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1237–1240 Mongol invasion of Rus' — 23 years earlier
- 1240 Batu Khan takes Kiev — 20 years earlier
- c. 1242 The Golden Horde is founded — 18 years earlier
Asia
- c. 1251 The Tripitaka Koreana — 9 years earlier
- 1257 Samalas eruption — 3 years earlier
- 1271 Kublai Khan founds the Yuan dynasty — 11 years later
- 1271–1295 Travels of Marco Polo — 11 years later
- 1281 Kamikaze, the divine wind — 21 years later
Oceania
- c. 1250 The moai of Easter Island — 10 years earlier
- c. 1280 Polynesians settle New Zealand — 20 years later
Alive at the time
- Kublai Khan (aged 45)
- Alexander Nevsky (aged 39)
- Marco Polo (aged 6)
- Rumi (aged 53)
- Saint Louis (Louis IX) (aged 46)
- Rudolf I (aged 42)
- Thomas Aquinas (aged 35)
- Edward I Longshanks (aged 21)
- Osman I (aged 2)
- Henry III (aged 53)