Battle of the Camel
The first battle of Muslim against Muslim: Ali against Aisha

In November 656, near Basra, Caliph Ali defeated the army of Talha, al-Zubayr and the Prophet's widow Aisha, who demanded vengeance for the murdered Caliph Uthman. Named after the camel Aisha rode, the battle opened a series of civil wars, the First Fitna.
Wikipedia (Russian) · Wikipedia (English) · 7th century
Meanwhile around the world (±25 years)
Europe
- 680 Battle of Ongal — 24 years later
Africa
- 652 The Baqt treaty with Nubia — 4 years earlier
Alive at the time
- Ali ibn Abi Talib (aged 56)
- Pakal the Great (aged 53)
- Wu Zetian (aged 32)
- Xuanzang (aged 54)