Fall of the Jin dynasty
The Mongols and Song finish off the Jurchen empire
The last Jin emperor, Aizong, fled to Caizhou, where he was besieged by the Mongols and Song troops. When the city fell the emperor killed himself; all of northern China passed to the Mongols, who soon turned against their former Song allies.
Wikipedia (English) · 13th century
Meanwhile around the world (±25 years)
Europe
- 1212 Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa — 22 years earlier
- 1215 Magna Carta — 19 years earlier
- 1231 Papal Inquisition established — 3 years earlier
- 1241 Mongols in Europe: Legnica and Mohi — 7 years later
Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1223 Battle of the Kalka River — 11 years earlier
- 1237–1240 Mongol invasion of Rus' — 3 years later
- 1240 Batu Khan takes Kiev — 6 years later
- c. 1242 The Golden Horde is founded — 8 years later
Middle East
- 1258 Mongol sack of Baghdad — 24 years later
Oceania
- c. 1250 The moai of Easter Island — 16 years later
Alive at the time
- Kublai Khan (aged 19)
- Alexander Nevsky (aged 13)
- Frederick II (aged 40)
- Rumi (aged 27)
- Saint Louis (Louis IX) (aged 20)
- Sundiata Keita (aged 17)
- Rudolf I (aged 16)
- Thomas Aquinas (aged 9)
- Fibonacci (aged 64)
- Yuri II of Vladimir (aged 45)