Uraniborg, Tycho Brahe's island
A king gives an astronomer an entire island to observe from

King Frederick II of Denmark granted Tycho Brahe the island of Hven, where he built a castle-observatory with its own printing press and paper mill. Without a telescope, he gathered the most precise observations of his age, which Kepler used to find his laws of planetary motion.
Wikipedia (Russian) · Wikipedia (English) · 16th century
Did you know
The great astronomer Tycho Brahe wore a metal nose. He lost part of his own in a 1566 duel with a kinsman, reportedly after a quarrel over mathematics. Tests on his remains suggest the prosthesis was brass, not the gold or silver of legend. Share →
Tycho Brahe kept a tame elk that, so the story goes, was killed by beer. Taken to a banquet at another nobleman's castle, the animal drank too much, fell down the stairs and died. Share →
The most accurate pre-telescope sky survey came from a man who never looked through a telescope. Tycho Brahe died in 1601, eight years before Galileo turned one skywards, yet his data let Kepler find the laws of planetary motion. Share →
Meanwhile around the world (±25 years)
Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1555–1561 Saint Basil's Cathedral — 21 years earlier
- 1569 Union of Lublin — 7 years earlier
- 1582 Yermak's conquest of Sibir — 6 years later
- 1598–1613 Time of Troubles — 22 years later
Africa
- 1591 Battle of Tondibi and fall of Songhai — 15 years later
Asia
- 1556 Shaanxi earthquake — 20 years earlier
- 1556 Akbar and the Second Battle of Panipat — 20 years earlier
- 1592–1598 Imjin War — 16 years later
- 1600 Battle of Sekigahara — 24 years later
Americas
- 1600 Eruption of Huaynaputina — 24 years later
Alive at the time
- Ivan the Terrible (aged 46)
- Elizabeth I (aged 43)
- Akbar the Great (aged 34)
- Tokugawa Ieyasu (aged 33)
- Miguel de Cervantes (aged 29)
- William Shakespeare (aged 12)
- Galileo Galilei (aged 12)
- Philip II of Spain (aged 49)
- Yermak Timofeyevich (aged 44)
- Stephen Báthory (aged 43)