Lebanese Civil War
Sectarian war wrecks the 'Switzerland of the East' for 15 years
On 13 April 1975 Phalangist gunmen fired on a bus carrying Palestinians in Beirut's Ain el-Remmaneh district, and the country slid into war among Christian, Muslim, Druze and Palestinian militias. Syria and Israel intervened; in 1982 the Israeli army besieged Beirut. An estimated 120,000–150,000 people were killed. The war ended with the 1989 Taif Agreement and final fighting in October 1990.
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Meanwhile around the world (±25 years)
Whole world
- 1980 Smallpox declared eradicated — 5 years later
- 1981 AIDS first described — 6 years later
Europe
- 1953 Discovery of the DNA double helix — 22 years earlier
- 1961 Berlin Wall built — 14 years earlier
- 1968 May 1968 in France — 7 years earlier
- 1989 Invention of the World Wide Web — 14 years later
- 1989 Fall of the Berlin Wall — 14 years later
Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1957 Sputnik 1, the first satellite — 18 years earlier
- 1961 Gagarin's flight — 14 years earlier
- 1985–1991 Perestroika — 10 years later
- 1989 Revolutions of 1989 — 14 years later
- 1991 Dissolution of the Soviet Union — 16 years later
Africa
- 1963 The Organisation of African Unity is founded — 12 years earlier
- 1967 First human heart transplant — 8 years earlier
- 1967–1970 Nigerian Civil War and Biafra — 8 years earlier
- 1974 Lucy is discovered — 1 year earlier
- 1983–1985 The Ethiopian famine — 8 years later
Asia
- 1953 First ascent of Everest — 22 years earlier
- 1966–1976 Cultural Revolution in China — 9 years earlier
- 1975–1979 The Khmer Rouge and the Cambodian genocide — same year
- 1976 Tangshan earthquake — 1 year later
- 1978 Deng Xiaoping's reform and opening-up — 3 years later
Americas
- 1969 Moon landing — 6 years earlier
- c. 1970 Mass deforestation of the Amazon begins — 5 years earlier
- 1973 Chilean coup d'état — 2 years earlier
- 1980 Eruption of Mount St. Helens — 5 years later
- 1983 Birth of the Internet: ARPANET adopts TCP/IP — 8 years later
Oceania
- 1954 The Castle Bravo test at Bikini — 21 years earlier
- 1959 The Antarctic Treaty — 16 years earlier
- 1992 The Mabo decision — 17 years later
Alive at the time
- Charlie Chaplin (aged 86)
- Mao Zedong (aged 82)
- Nelson Mandela (aged 57)
- Neil Armstrong (aged 45)
- Haile Selassie (aged 83)
- Golda Meir (aged 77)
- Jorge Luis Borges (aged 76)
- Hirohito (Emperor Shōwa) (aged 74)
- Dmitri Shostakovich (aged 69)
- Leonid Brezhnev (aged 69)