Birth of the Internet: ARPANET adopts TCP/IP
One common language links networks into a global web
On 1 January 1983 ARPANET, funded by the US defence research agency, switched entirely to Vint Cerf and Bob Kahn's TCP/IP protocols. A common language for linking different networks became the foundation of the global Internet.
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Meanwhile around the world (±25 years)
Whole world
- 1980 Smallpox declared eradicated — 3 years earlier
- 2008 Global financial crisis — 25 years later
Europe
- 1989 Invention of the World Wide Web — 6 years later
- 1989 Fall of the Berlin Wall — 6 years later
- 1990 German reunification — 7 years later
- 1991–2001 Yugoslav Wars — 8 years later
- 1992 Maastricht Treaty — 9 years later
Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1961 Gagarin's flight — 22 years earlier
- 1980 Solidarity — 3 years earlier
- 1985–1991 Perestroika — 2 years later
- 1989 Revolutions of 1989 — 6 years later
- 1991 Dissolution of the Soviet Union — 8 years later
Middle East
- 1979 Iranian Revolution — 4 years earlier
- 1980–1988 Iran–Iraq War — 3 years earlier
- 1990–1991 Gulf War — 7 years later
Africa
- 1967 First human heart transplant — 16 years earlier
- 1967–1970 Nigerian Civil War and Biafra — 16 years earlier
- 1974 Lucy is discovered — 9 years earlier
- 1983–1985 The Ethiopian famine — same year
- 1994 End of apartheid in South Africa — 11 years later
Asia
- 1975–1979 The Khmer Rouge and the Cambodian genocide — 8 years earlier
- 1978 Deng Xiaoping's reform and opening-up — 5 years earlier
- 1984 Bhopal disaster — 1 year later
- 1989 Tiananmen Square protests — 6 years later
- 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami — 21 years later
Oceania
- 1959 The Antarctic Treaty — 24 years earlier
- 1992 The Mabo decision — 9 years later
Alive at the time
- Nelson Mandela (aged 65)
- Neil Armstrong (aged 53)
- Jorge Luis Borges (aged 84)
- Hirohito (Emperor Shōwa) (aged 82)
- Mother Teresa (aged 73)
- Ronald Reagan (aged 72)
- Richard Nixon (aged 70)
- Indira Gandhi (aged 66)
- Edmund Hillary (aged 64)
- Jimmy Carter (aged 59)