Samudera Pasai, Indonesia's first sultanate
Islam takes root in Indonesia on Sumatra's northern coast
In the later 13th century the port sultanate of Samudera Pasai arose on the northern coast of Sumatra. The gravestone of its first ruler, Malik al-Saleh, is dated 1297, the oldest evidence of a Muslim state in the archipelago. The name Samudera probably gave the whole island its name; Ibn Battuta visited in 1345.
Wikipedia (Russian) · Wikipedia (English) · 13th century
Meanwhile around the world (±25 years)
Eastern Europe & Russia
- c. 1242 The Golden Horde is founded — 25 years earlier
Middle East
- 1258 Mongol sack of Baghdad — 9 years earlier
Oceania
- c. 1250 The moai of Easter Island — 17 years earlier
- c. 1280 Polynesians settle New Zealand — 13 years later
Alive at the time
- Kublai Khan (aged 52)
- Marco Polo (aged 13)
- Dante Alighieri (aged 2)
- Rumi (aged 60)
- Saint Louis (Louis IX) (aged 53)
- Rudolf I (aged 49)
- Thomas Aquinas (aged 42)
- Edward I Longshanks (aged 28)
- Osman I (aged 9)
- Henry III (aged 60)