Defeat of the Spanish Armada
England repels invasion and turns toward sea power
Philip II sent a great fleet to invade England. After the battle off Gravelines and storms on the voyage home the Armada lost many ships; England kept its independence and Protestantism and began its rise as a sea power.
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Did you know
Ivan the Terrible, the Mughal emperor Akbar and Elizabeth I were contemporaries: from 1558 to 1584 all three reigned at the same time.
Meanwhile around the world (±25 years)
Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1569 Union of Lublin — 19 years earlier
- 1582 Yermak's conquest of Sibir — 6 years earlier
- 1598–1613 Time of Troubles — 10 years later
- 1612 Minin and Pozharsky liberate Moscow — 24 years later
- 1613 Election of Michael Romanov as Tsar — 25 years later
Africa
- 1591 Battle of Tondibi and fall of Songhai — 3 years later
Asia
- 1592–1598 Imjin War — 4 years later
- 1600 Battle of Sekigahara — 12 years later
Americas
- 1600 Eruption of Huaynaputina — 12 years later
- c. 1605–1694 Quilombo of Palmares — 17 years later
- 1607 Founding of Jamestown — 19 years later
- 1609 Jesuit reductions among the Guaraní — 21 years later
Alive at the time
- Elizabeth I (aged 55)
- Akbar the Great (aged 46)
- Tokugawa Ieyasu (aged 45)
- Miguel de Cervantes (aged 41)
- William Shakespeare (aged 24)
- Galileo Galilei (aged 24)
- Philip II of Spain (aged 61)
- Toyotomi Hideyoshi (aged 51)
- Ashikaga Yoshiaki (aged 51)
- Yi Sun-sin (aged 43)