Zeno of Citium
%20-%20BEIC%206353768.jpg?width=160 "Paolo Monti · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons")
c. 334 BC – 262 BC · 72 years · Athens (Painted Stoa) · Europe
Founder of Stoicism: happiness lies in virtue and living in accord with reason and nature, accepting calmly whatever is beyond our control. The school was named after the Painted Stoa, the porch where he taught.
Wikipedia (Russian) · Wikipedia (English) · 4th century BC
Portrait: Paolo Monti · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons
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Contemporaries around the world
Europe
- Archimedes — mathematician, physicist and engineer, 47 years younger
- Aristotle — ancient Greek philosopher and scientist, 50 years older
- Epicurus — ancient Greek philosopher, 7 years older
- Pytheas — Greek navigator and geographer, 16 years older
- Olympias — queen of Macedon, mother of Alexander, 41 years older
- Diogenes of Sinope — ancient Greek Cynic philosopher, 78 years older
Middle East
- Alexander the Great — king of Macedon and conqueror, 22 years older
Africa
- Euclid — ancient Greek mathematician, 9 years younger
- Eratosthenes — scholar, head of the Library of Alexandria, 58 years younger
- Ptolemy I Soter — founder of the Ptolemaic dynasty, 33 years older
- Arsinoe II — queen of Ptolemaic Egypt, 18 years younger
Asia
- Mencius — Chinese Confucian philosopher, 38 years older
- Ashoka — Maurya emperor, 30 years younger
- Chandragupta Maurya — founder of the Maurya Empire, 6 years older
- Qu Yuan — Chinese poet and minister, 6 years older
- Zhuangzi — Chinese Taoist philosopher, 35 years older
- Xunzi — Chinese Confucian philosopher, 24 years younger
The world in their lifetime
- 331 BC Battle of Gaugamela — aged 3, Middle East
- 331 BC Founding of Alexandria — aged 3, Africa
- 323 BC Death of Alexander the Great — aged 11, Middle East
- c. 322 BC Founding of the Maurya Empire — aged 12, Asia
- c. 300 BC Maya script — aged 34, Americas
- c. 300 BC–150 El Mirador, capital of the Preclassic Maya — aged 34, Americas
- c. 285 BC Library of Alexandria — aged 49, Africa
- c. 280 BC–247 BC Lighthouse of Alexandria — aged 54, Africa