Falsafa
Arabic-language philosophers develop Aristotle and the Neoplatonists and pass them on to Europe
Key ideas
- Translating and interpreting Greek philosophy
- Reason and revelation lead to the same truth
- Al-Farabi: the virtuous city ruled by a sage
- Avicenna: the distinction between essence and existence
- Averroes: commentaries on Aristotle read throughout Europe
Key thinkers
- Al-Kindi (founder) — Arab philosopher and scholar, 801–873
- Al-Farabi — philosopher of the Islamic world, 872–950
- Avicenna (Ibn Sina) — physician and philosopher, 980–1037
- Averroes (Ibn Rushd) — philosopher, commentator on Aristotle, 1126–1198
Grew out of
- Peripatetic school c. 335 BC – 200 · Europe
- Neoplatonism c. 245 – 529 · Europe
What grew out of it
- Scholasticism c. 1100 – 1700 · Europe
Meanwhile elsewhere
- Confucianism Asia
- Buddhist philosophy Asia
- Taoism Asia
- Nyaya Asia
- Madhyamaka Asia
- Yogachara Asia
- Chan and Zen Asia
- Advaita Vedanta Asia
- Neo-Confucianism Asia
- Nominalism Europe