Scholasticism
The philosophy of medieval schools: reason uses logic to clarify faith
Key ideas
- "Faith seeking understanding" (Anselm)
- The disputation method: question, arguments, answer
- Thomas Aquinas's synthesis of Aristotle and Christianity
- Proofs of the existence of God
- The dispute over universals
Key thinkers
- Anselm of Canterbury (founder) — theologian, Archbishop of Canterbury, 1033–1109
- Thomas Aquinas — theologian and philosopher, 1225–1274
- William of Ockham — English Franciscan philosopher, 1287–1347
Grew out of
- Patristics c. 100 – 750 · Africa
- Falsafa c. 830 – 1200 · Middle East
What grew out of it
- Nominalism c. 1090 – 1500 · Europe
- Continental rationalism c. 1637 – 1750 · Europe
Meanwhile elsewhere
- Confucianism Asia
- Buddhist philosophy Asia
- Taoism Asia
- Nyaya Asia
- Madhyamaka Asia
- Yogachara Asia
- Chan and Zen Asia
- Advaita Vedanta Asia
- Kalam Middle East
- Neo-Confucianism Asia