The Guaraní War
A new Spanish–Portuguese border dooms the Jesuit missions
Under the Treaty of Madrid of 1750 Spain ceded to Portugal seven Jesuit mission towns east of the Uruguay River in exchange for the colony of Sacramento. Some 30,000 Guaraní refused to leave their land; in 1756 a joint Spanish–Portuguese army crushed them at Caibaté, where by various estimates about 1,500 were killed. The war hastened the expulsion of the Jesuits from Portuguese territory in 1759.
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Meanwhile around the world (±25 years)
Europe
- 1755 Lisbon earthquake — 1 year later
- 1756–1763 Seven Years' War — 2 years later
- c. 1760 Start of the Industrial Revolution — 6 years later
- 1769 Watt's steam engine — 15 years later
Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1762 Accession of Catherine the Great — 8 years later
- 1764 Founding of the Hermitage — 10 years later
- c. 1768 Extinction of Steller's sea cow — 14 years later
- 1772–1795 Partitions of Poland — 18 years later
Middle East
- 1747 Ahmad Shah Durrani founds the Afghan state — 7 years earlier
Asia
- 1755–1758 The Dzungar genocide — 1 year later
- 1757 Battle of Plassey — 3 years later
- 1761 Third Battle of Panipat — 7 years later
Oceania
- 1768–1771 Cook's first voyage — 14 years later
Alive at the time
- Voltaire (aged 60)
- Benjamin Franklin (aged 48)
- Mikhail Lomonosov (aged 43)
- James Cook (aged 26)
- Catherine the Great (aged 25)
- George Washington (aged 22)
- Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (aged 5)
- Carl Linnaeus (aged 47)
- Leonhard Euler (aged 47)
- Elizabeth (aged 45)