False Dmitry I
c. 1581 – 1606 · 25 years · Moscow · Eastern Europe & Russia
Reign: 1605 – 1606 (Rus and Russia)
A pretender usually identified with the runaway monk Grigory Otrepyev. With Polish backing he took the throne in 1605, married Marina Mniszech and was killed by rebellious Muscovites a year later.
Wikipedia (Russian) · Wikipedia (English) · 17th century
Portrait: Szymon Boguszowicz · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons
Contemporaries around the world
Europe
- Miguel de Cervantes — Spanish novelist, 34 years older
- William Shakespeare — English playwright and poet, 17 years older
- Galileo Galilei — Italian physicist and astronomer, 17 years older
- Elizabeth I — Queen of England, 48 years older
- René Descartes — French philosopher and mathematician, 15 years younger
- Rudolf II — patron emperor who gathered Kepler, Brahe and Arcimboldo in Prague, 29 years older
Eastern Europe & Russia
- Michael I — first tsar of the Romanov dynasty, 15 years younger
- Vasily Shuisky — boyar tsar of the Time of Troubles who died in Polish captivity, 29 years older
- Dmitry Pozharsky — prince and militia leader, 3 years older
- Boris Godunov — Tsar of Russia, 29 years older
- Feodor I — last Rurikid tsar, under whom the Moscow Patriarchate was founded, 24 years older
- Bohdan Khmelnytsky — Hetman of the Zaporozhian Host, 14 years younger
Middle East
- Abbas the Great — Safavid Shah of Iran, 10 years older
- Mehmed III — sultan who executed 19 brothers and won at Keresztes, 15 years older
- Kösem Sultan — Ottoman queen mother, 8 years younger
- Ahmed I — sultan who built the Blue Mosque, 9 years younger
- Murad III — sultan who won the Caucasus from the Safavids, 35 years older
Africa
- Njinga of Ndongo and Matamba — Queen of Ndongo and Matamba, 2 years younger
- Ahmed Baba — Timbuktu scholar, 25 years older
- Ahmad al-Mansur — Sultan of Morocco, 32 years older
Asia
- Tokugawa Ieyasu — first Tokugawa shogun, 38 years older
- Akbar the Great — Mughal emperor, 39 years older
- Matteo Ricci — Jesuit missionary in China, 29 years older
- Nur Jahan — Mughal empress, 4 years older
- Tokugawa Hidetada — second Tokugawa shogun, who locked in the house's grip on the daimyo, 2 years older
- Toyotomi Hideyoshi — unifier of Japan, 44 years older
Americas
- Inca Garcilaso de la Vega — chronicler, son of a conquistador and an Inca princess, 42 years older
- Samuel de Champlain — French explorer, 14 years older
- Pocahontas — Powhatan chief's daughter, 15 years younger
The world in their lifetime
- 1582 Gregorian calendar — aged 1, Europe
- 1582 Yermak's conquest of Sibir — aged 1, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1588 Defeat of the Spanish Armada — aged 7, Europe
- 1591 Battle of Tondibi and fall of Songhai — aged 10, Africa
- 1592–1598 Imjin War — aged 11, Asia
- 1598–1613 Time of Troubles — aged 17, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1598 Edict of Nantes — aged 17, Europe
- 1600 Battle of Sekigahara — aged 19, Asia
- 1600 Eruption of Huaynaputina — aged 19, Americas
- 1600 East India Company founded — aged 19, Europe
- c. 1605–1694 Quilombo of Palmares — aged 24, Americas