Inca Garcilaso de la Vega
1539 – 1616 · 77 years · Cusco · Americas
The first great writer born in Latin America; his Royal Commentaries on Inca history were published in Spain, and he died the same year as Cervantes and Shakespeare.
Wikipedia (Russian) · Wikipedia (English) · 16th century
Portrait: Carlos Penoso Sc. [1] · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons
Contemporaries around the world
Europe
- Miguel de Cervantes — Spanish novelist, 8 years younger
- Elizabeth I — Queen of England, 6 years older
- William Shakespeare — English playwright and poet, 25 years younger
- Galileo Galilei — Italian physicist and astronomer, 25 years younger
- Michelangelo — sculptor, painter and architect, 64 years older
- René Descartes — French philosopher and mathematician, 57 years younger
Eastern Europe & Russia
- Ivan the Terrible — first Tsar of Russia, 9 years older
- Yermak Timofeyevich — Cossack conqueror of Siberia, 7 years older
- False Dmitry I — pretender who claimed to be Tsarevich Dmitry, 42 years younger
- Michael I — first tsar of the Romanov dynasty, 57 years younger
- Vasily Shuisky — boyar tsar of the Time of Troubles who died in Polish captivity, 13 years younger
- Boris Godunov — Tsar of Russia, 13 years younger
Middle East
- Abbas the Great — Safavid Shah of Iran, 32 years younger
- Selim II — sultan who took Cyprus and lost at Lepanto, 15 years older
- Suleiman the Magnificent — Ottoman sultan, 45 years older
- Hurrem Sultan (Roxelana) — wife of Sultan Suleiman I, 34 years older
- Murad III — sultan who won the Caucasus from the Safavids, 7 years younger
- Taqi ad-Din Muhammad ibn Ma'ruf — Ottoman astronomer and engineer, 13 years older
Africa
- Njinga of Ndongo and Matamba — Queen of Ndongo and Matamba, 44 years younger
- Ahmed Baba — Timbuktu scholar, 17 years younger
- Ahmad al-Mansur — Sultan of Morocco, 10 years younger
- Fasilides — Emperor of Ethiopia, 64 years younger
Asia
- Tokugawa Ieyasu — first Tokugawa shogun, 4 years younger
- Akbar the Great — Mughal emperor, 3 years younger
- Toyotomi Hideyoshi — unifier of Japan, 2 years older
- Ashikaga Yoshiaki — last Ashikaga shogun, expelled by Nobunaga, 2 years older
- Matteo Ricci — Jesuit missionary in China, 13 years younger
- Yi Sun-sin — Korean admiral, 6 years younger
Americas
- Bartolomé de las Casas — friar and defender of Native Americans, 55 years older
- Samuel de Champlain — French explorer, 28 years younger
- Pocahontas — Powhatan chief's daughter, 57 years younger
Oceania
- Abel Tasman — Dutch navigator, 64 years younger
The world in their lifetime
- 1542 Orellana sails down the Amazon — aged 3, Americas
- 1543 Copernicus publishes heliocentrism — aged 4, Europe
- 1545–1548 Cocoliztli epidemic — aged 6, Americas
- 1547 Ivan IV crowned Tsar — aged 8, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1555–1561 Saint Basil's Cathedral — aged 16, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1556 Shaanxi earthquake — aged 17, Asia
- 1556 Akbar and the Second Battle of Panipat — aged 17, Asia
- 1569 Union of Lublin — aged 30, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1571 Battle of Lepanto — aged 32, Europe
- 1572 St Bartholomew's Day Massacre — aged 33, Europe
- 1582 Gregorian calendar — aged 43, Europe
- 1582 Yermak's conquest of Sibir — aged 43, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1588 Defeat of the Spanish Armada — aged 49, Europe
- 1591 Battle of Tondibi and fall of Songhai — aged 52, Africa
- 1592–1598 Imjin War — aged 53, Asia
- 1598–1613 Time of Troubles — aged 59, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1598 Edict of Nantes — aged 59, Europe
- 1600 Battle of Sekigahara — aged 61, Asia
- 1600 Eruption of Huaynaputina — aged 61, Americas
- 1600 East India Company founded — aged 61, Europe
- c. 1605–1694 Quilombo of Palmares — aged 66, Americas
- 1607 Founding of Jamestown — aged 68, Americas
- 1609 Jesuit reductions among the Guaraní — aged 70, Americas
- 1610 Galileo's telescopic discoveries — aged 71, Europe
- 1612 Minin and Pozharsky liberate Moscow — aged 73, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1613 Election of Michael Romanov as Tsar — aged 74, Eastern Europe & Russia