Spanish Civil War
A rehearsal for WWII: the Republic against Franco
In July 1936 General Franco led a revolt against the Spanish Republic. Germany and Italy backed the rebels, the USSR and the International Brigades the Republicans; Franco won in 1939 and ruled until 1975.
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Meanwhile around the world (±25 years)
Whole world
- 1918–1920 Spanish flu pandemic — 18 years earlier
- 1939–1945 World War II — 3 years later
- 1947–1991 Cold War — 11 years later
- 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights — 12 years later
- 1949 Founding of NATO — 13 years later
Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1929–1933 Collectivization in the Soviet Union — 7 years earlier
- 1936–1938 Great Purge — same year
- 1941–1944 Siege of Leningrad — 5 years later
- 1942–1943 Battle of Stalingrad — 6 years later
- 1945 German surrender and Victory Day — 9 years later
Middle East
- 1915 Armenian genocide — 21 years earlier
- 1916 Sykes–Picot Agreement — 20 years earlier
- 1916–1918 The Arab Revolt — 20 years earlier
- 1932 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia proclaimed — 4 years earlier
- 1948 Founding of the State of Israel — 12 years later
Africa
- 1922 Discovery of Tutankhamun's tomb — 14 years earlier
- 1935–1937 Italy invades Ethiopia — 1 year earlier
- 1956 The Suez Crisis — 20 years later
- 1958 Chinua Achebe's Things Fall Apart — 22 years later
- 1960 Year of Africa — 24 years later
Asia
- 1931 China floods — 5 years earlier
- 1934–1935 Long March — 2 years earlier
- 1945 Atomic bombing of Hiroshima — 9 years later
- 1945 Indonesia proclaims independence — 9 years later
- 1953 First ascent of Everest — 17 years later
Americas
- 1914 Opening of the Panama Canal — 22 years earlier
- 1929 Wall Street Crash and the Great Depression — 7 years earlier
- c. 1930–1936 Dust Bowl — 6 years earlier
- 1945 ENIAC, the first general-purpose electronic computer — 9 years later
- 1947 Invention of the transistor — 11 years later
Oceania
- 1936 Death of the last thylacine — same year
- 1941 Attack on Pearl Harbor — 5 years later
- 1942 The Battle of Midway — 6 years later
- 1954 The Castle Bravo test at Bikini — 18 years later
- 1959 The Antarctic Treaty — 23 years later
Alive at the time
- Nikola Tesla (aged 80)
- Mahatma Gandhi (aged 67)
- Ernest Rutherford (aged 65)
- Winston Churchill (aged 62)
- Joseph Stalin (aged 58)
- Albert Einstein (aged 57)
- Pablo Picasso (aged 55)
- Mustafa Kemal Atatürk (aged 55)
- Adolf Hitler (aged 47)
- Charlie Chaplin (aged 47)