Mary I
1516 – 1558 · 42 years · London · Europe
Reign: 1553 – 1558 (England and Britain)
Daughter of Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon, the first queen to rule England in her own right. She restored Catholicism and burned some 280 Protestants at the stake; she married Philip II of Spain and lost Calais.
Wikipedia (Russian) · Wikipedia (English) · 16th century
Portrait: Antonis Mor · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons
Contemporaries around the world
Europe
- Michelangelo — sculptor, painter and architect, 41 years older
- Martin Luther — church reformer, 33 years older
- Nicolaus Copernicus — astronomer, 43 years older
- Elizabeth I — Queen of England, 17 years younger
- Miguel de Cervantes — Spanish novelist, 31 years younger
- Charles V — ruler of an empire "on which the sun never sets", 16 years older
Eastern Europe & Russia
- Ivan the Terrible — first Tsar of Russia, 14 years younger
- Yermak Timofeyevich — Cossack conqueror of Siberia, 16 years younger
- Vasily III — grand prince who completed the unification of the Russian lands, 37 years older
Middle East
- Suleiman the Magnificent — Ottoman sultan, 22 years older
- Hurrem Sultan (Roxelana) — wife of Sultan Suleiman I, 11 years older
- Selim II — sultan who took Cyprus and lost at Lepanto, 8 years younger
- Taqi ad-Din Muhammad ibn Ma'ruf — Ottoman astronomer and engineer, 10 years younger
- Murad III — sultan who won the Caucasus from the Safavids, 30 years younger
Africa
- Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi — Adal imam and general, 10 years older
- Askia Muhammad I — Emperor of Songhai, 73 years older
Asia
- Akbar the Great — Mughal emperor, 26 years younger
- Tokugawa Ieyasu — first Tokugawa shogun, 27 years younger
- Oda Nobunaga — Japanese warlord, 18 years younger
- Guru Nanak — founder of Sikhism, 47 years older
- Toyotomi Hideyoshi — unifier of Japan, 21 years younger
- Ashikaga Yoshiaki — last Ashikaga shogun, expelled by Nobunaga, 21 years younger
Americas
- Bartolomé de las Casas — friar and defender of Native Americans, 32 years older
- Hernán Cortés — conquistador, 31 years older
- Atahualpa — last Inca emperor, 14 years older
- Inca Garcilaso de la Vega — chronicler, son of a conquistador and an Inca princess, 23 years younger
- Huayna Capac — Sapa Inca, 52 years older
The world in their lifetime
- 1517 Luther's Ninety-five Theses — aged 1, Europe
- 1519–1522 Magellan's circumnavigation — aged 3, Americas
- 1520–1566 Reign of Suleiman the Magnificent — aged 4, Middle East
- 1521 Fall of Tenochtitlan — aged 5, Americas
- 1526 First Battle of Panipat — aged 10, Asia
- 1526 Battle of Mohács — aged 10, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1529–1543 Ahmad Gragn invades Ethiopia — aged 13, Africa
- 1532 Capture of Atahualpa at Cajamarca — aged 16, Americas
- 1534 Henry VIII breaks with Rome — aged 18, Europe
- 1542 Orellana sails down the Amazon — aged 26, Americas
- 1543 Copernicus publishes heliocentrism — aged 27, Europe
- 1545–1548 Cocoliztli epidemic — aged 29, Americas
- 1547 Ivan IV crowned Tsar — aged 31, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1555–1561 Saint Basil's Cathedral — aged 39, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1556 Shaanxi earthquake — aged 40, Asia
- 1556 Akbar and the Second Battle of Panipat — aged 40, Asia