Byzantine Empire

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395 – 1453 · up to 2,338 thousand km² · Europe, Middle East

Capital: Constantinople (330–1453)

The Byzantine Empire, also known as the Eastern Roman Empire, was the continuation of the Eastern part of the Roman Empire centred on Constantinople during late antiquity and the Middle Ages. Having survived the fall of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD, it endured until the fall of Constantinople to the Ottoman Empire in 1453. The term 'Byzantine Empire' was coined only after its demise; its citizens used the term 'Roman Empire' and called themselves 'Romans'.

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Predecessors: Ancient Rome, Low Roman Empire, Eastern Roman Empire, Roman Empire

Successors: Umayyad Caliphate, Rashidun Caliphate, Ottoman Empire, Empire of Trebizond

Rulers

Rome and Byzantium

Heraclians and Isaurians 610 – 867, Macedonian dynasty 867 – 1056, Komnenoi 1081 – 1185, Latin Empire 1204 – 1261, Palaiologoi 1261 – 1453

Events on its territory

• 670 Founding of Kairouan
• 698 Fall of Carthage and the Arab conquest of the Maghreb
• c. 726 Byzantine Iconoclasm begins
• 860 The Rus' first raid Constantinople
• 911 Oleg's treaty with Byzantium
• c. 957 The baptism of Princess Olga
• 1014 Battle of Kleidion
• 1054 East–West Schism
• 1071 Battle of Manzikert
• 1204 Sack of Constantinople
• c. 1299 Osman I founds the Ottoman state
• 1453 Fall of Constantinople