Battle of Kursk
After Prokhorovka the initiative passes to the Red Army for good
On 5 July 1943 the Wehrmacht attacked the Kursk salient in Operation Citadel but was halted, with a major tank battle at Prokhorovka on 12 July. Afterwards the strategic initiative passed permanently to the Red Army.
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Meanwhile around the world (±25 years)
Whole world
- 1918–1920 Spanish flu pandemic — 25 years earlier
- 1939–1945 World War II — 4 years earlier
- 1947–1991 Cold War — 4 years later
- 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights — 5 years later
- 1949 Founding of NATO — 6 years later
Europe
- 1928 Discovery of penicillin — 15 years earlier
- 1933 Hitler comes to power — 10 years earlier
- 1936–1939 Spanish Civil War — 7 years earlier
- 1941–1945 The Holocaust — 2 years earlier
- 1953 Discovery of the DNA double helix — 10 years later
Middle East
- 1932 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia proclaimed — 11 years earlier
- 1948 Founding of the State of Israel — 5 years later
Africa
- 1935–1937 Italy invades Ethiopia — 8 years earlier
- 1956 The Suez Crisis — 13 years later
- 1958 Chinua Achebe's Things Fall Apart — 15 years later
- 1960 Year of Africa — 17 years later
- 1963 The Organisation of African Unity is founded — 20 years later
Asia
- 1945 Atomic bombing of Hiroshima — 2 years later
- 1945 Indonesia proclaims independence — 2 years later
- 1947 Independence and Partition of India — 4 years later
- 1949 Founding of the People's Republic of China — 6 years later
- 1953 First ascent of Everest — 10 years later
Americas
- 1929 Wall Street Crash and the Great Depression — 14 years earlier
- c. 1930–1936 Dust Bowl — 13 years earlier
- 1945 ENIAC, the first general-purpose electronic computer — 2 years later
- 1947 Invention of the transistor — 4 years later
- 1955 Salk polio vaccine declared safe — 12 years later
Oceania
- 1936 Death of the last thylacine — 7 years earlier
- 1941 Attack on Pearl Harbor — 2 years earlier
- 1942 The Battle of Midway — 1 year earlier
- 1954 The Castle Bravo test at Bikini — 11 years later
- 1959 The Antarctic Treaty — 16 years later
Alive at the time
- Nikola Tesla (aged 87)
- Mahatma Gandhi (aged 74)
- Winston Churchill (aged 69)
- Joseph Stalin (aged 65)
- Albert Einstein (aged 64)
- Pablo Picasso (aged 62)
- Adolf Hitler (aged 54)
- Charlie Chaplin (aged 54)
- Mao Zedong (aged 50)
- Nelson Mandela (aged 25)