Mumtaz Mahal
.jpg?width=160 "Public domain · Wikimedia Commons")
1593 – 1631 · 38 years · Agra · Asia
Beloved wife of Shah Jahan who died giving birth to their 14th child; the Taj Mahal was built as her tomb.
Wikipedia (Russian) · Wikipedia (English) · 17th century
Portrait: Public domain · Wikimedia Commons
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Contemporaries around the world
Europe
- Galileo Galilei — Italian physicist and astronomer, 29 years older
- René Descartes — French philosopher and mathematician, 3 years younger
- Rembrandt — Dutch painter, 13 years younger
- Miguel de Cervantes — Spanish novelist, 46 years older
- William Shakespeare — English playwright and poet, 29 years older
- Elizabeth I — Queen of England, 60 years older
Eastern Europe & Russia
- Michael I — first tsar of the Romanov dynasty, 3 years younger
- False Dmitry I — pretender who claimed to be Tsarevich Dmitry, 12 years older
- Dmitry Pozharsky — prince and militia leader, 15 years older
- Bohdan Khmelnytsky — Hetman of the Zaporozhian Host, 2 years younger
- Vasily Shuisky — boyar tsar of the Time of Troubles who died in Polish captivity, 41 years older
- Boris Godunov — Tsar of Russia, 41 years older
Middle East
- Abbas the Great — Safavid Shah of Iran, 22 years older
- Murad IV — sultan who retook Baghdad and banned tobacco, 19 years younger
- Kösem Sultan — Ottoman queen mother, 4 years older
- Mustafa I — mentally unstable sultan enthroned twice, 7 years younger
- Ahmed I — sultan who built the Blue Mosque, 3 years older
- Evliya Çelebi — Ottoman traveller, 18 years younger
Africa
- Njinga of Ndongo and Matamba — Queen of Ndongo and Matamba, 10 years older
- Ahmed Baba — Timbuktu scholar, 37 years older
- Fasilides — Emperor of Ethiopia, 10 years younger
- Ahmad al-Mansur — Sultan of Morocco, 44 years older
Asia
- Tokugawa Ieyasu — first Tokugawa shogun, 50 years older
- Akbar the Great — Mughal emperor, 51 years older
- Nur Jahan — Mughal empress, 16 years older
- Tokugawa Hidetada — second Tokugawa shogun, who locked in the house's grip on the daimyo, 14 years older
- Shah Jahan — Mughal emperor, 1 year older
- Tokugawa Iemitsu — shogun who closed Japan to the Europeans, 11 years younger
Americas
- Samuel de Champlain — French explorer, 26 years older
- Inca Garcilaso de la Vega — chronicler, son of a conquistador and an Inca princess, 54 years older
- Pocahontas — Powhatan chief's daughter, 3 years younger
Oceania
- Abel Tasman — Dutch navigator, 10 years younger
The world in their lifetime
- 1598–1613 Time of Troubles — aged 5, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1598 Edict of Nantes — aged 5, Europe
- 1600 Battle of Sekigahara — aged 7, Asia
- 1600 Eruption of Huaynaputina — aged 7, Americas
- 1600 East India Company founded — aged 7, Europe
- c. 1605–1694 Quilombo of Palmares — aged 12, Americas
- 1607 Founding of Jamestown — aged 14, Americas
- 1609 Jesuit reductions among the Guaraní — aged 16, Americas
- 1610 Galileo's telescopic discoveries — aged 17, Europe
- 1612 Minin and Pozharsky liberate Moscow — aged 19, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1613 Election of Michael Romanov as Tsar — aged 20, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1618–1648 Thirty Years' War — aged 25, Europe
- 1624–1663 Nzinga becomes Queen of Ndongo — aged 31, Africa