Shah Jahan
.jpg?width=160 "Bichitr · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons")
1592 – 1666 · 74 years · Agra · Asia
His reign was the golden age of Mughal architecture: he built the Taj Mahal for his wife and Delhi's Red Fort. Deposed by his son Aurangzeb.
Wikipedia (Russian) · Wikipedia (English) · 17th century
Portrait: Bichitr · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons
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Contemporaries around the world
Europe
- Rembrandt — Dutch painter, 14 years younger
- René Descartes — French philosopher and mathematician, 4 years younger
- Galileo Galilei — Italian physicist and astronomer, 28 years older
- Louis XIV — King of France, the Sun King, 46 years younger
- Miguel de Cervantes — Spanish novelist, 45 years older
- William Shakespeare — English playwright and poet, 28 years older
Eastern Europe & Russia
- Michael I — first tsar of the Romanov dynasty, 4 years younger
- Alexis the Most Quiet — tsar of the 1649 Law Code and the church schism, 37 years younger
- False Dmitry I — pretender who claimed to be Tsarevich Dmitry, 11 years older
- Bohdan Khmelnytsky — Hetman of the Zaporozhian Host, 3 years younger
- Dmitry Pozharsky — prince and militia leader, 14 years older
- Vasily Shuisky — boyar tsar of the Time of Troubles who died in Polish captivity, 40 years older
Middle East
- Abbas the Great — Safavid Shah of Iran, 21 years older
- Murad IV — sultan who retook Baghdad and banned tobacco, 20 years younger
- Kösem Sultan — Ottoman queen mother, 3 years older
- Evliya Çelebi — Ottoman traveller, 19 years younger
- Mustafa I — mentally unstable sultan enthroned twice, 8 years younger
- Ibrahim the Mad — sultan nicknamed 'the Mad', 23 years younger
Africa
- Njinga of Ndongo and Matamba — Queen of Ndongo and Matamba, 9 years older
- Fasilides — Emperor of Ethiopia, 11 years younger
- Ahmed Baba — Timbuktu scholar, 36 years older
- Moulay Ismail — Sultan of Morocco, 53 years younger
- Ahmad al-Mansur — Sultan of Morocco, 43 years older
Asia
- Tokugawa Ieyasu — first Tokugawa shogun, 49 years older
- Akbar the Great — Mughal emperor, 50 years older
- Kangxi Emperor — Qing emperor of China, 62 years younger
- Nur Jahan — Mughal empress, 15 years older
- Aurangzeb — Mughal emperor, 26 years younger
- Tokugawa Iemitsu — shogun who closed Japan to the Europeans, 12 years younger
Americas
- Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz — Mexican poet and nun, 56 years younger
- Samuel de Champlain — French explorer, 25 years older
- Inca Garcilaso de la Vega — chronicler, son of a conquistador and an Inca princess, 53 years older
- Pocahontas — Powhatan chief's daughter, 4 years younger
Oceania
- Abel Tasman — Dutch navigator, 11 years younger
The world in their lifetime
- 1592–1598 Imjin War — aged 0, Asia
- 1598–1613 Time of Troubles — aged 6, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1598 Edict of Nantes — aged 6, Europe
- 1600 Battle of Sekigahara — aged 8, Asia
- 1600 Eruption of Huaynaputina — aged 8, Americas
- 1600 East India Company founded — aged 8, Europe
- c. 1605–1694 Quilombo of Palmares — aged 13, Americas
- 1607 Founding of Jamestown — aged 15, Americas
- 1609 Jesuit reductions among the Guaraní — aged 17, Americas
- 1610 Galileo's telescopic discoveries — aged 18, Europe
- 1612 Minin and Pozharsky liberate Moscow — aged 20, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1613 Election of Michael Romanov as Tsar — aged 21, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1618–1648 Thirty Years' War — aged 26, Europe
- 1624–1663 Nzinga becomes Queen of Ndongo — aged 32, Africa
- 1632–1653 Building of the Taj Mahal — aged 40, Asia
- 1644 Fall of the Ming, rise of the Qing — aged 52, Asia
- 1648 Peace of Westphalia — aged 56, Europe
- 1649 Execution of Charles I of England — aged 57, Europe
- 1654 Pereiaslav Agreement — aged 62, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1662 Last sighting of the dodo — aged 70, Africa