Aurangzeb
.jpg%20(Cropped).jpg?width=160 "Public domain · Wikimedia Commons")
1618 – 1707 · 89 years · Delhi · Asia
Under him the Mughal Empire reached its greatest extent. A devout Muslim, he fought draining wars against the Marathas.
Wikipedia (Russian) · Wikipedia (English) · 17th century
Portrait: Public domain · Wikimedia Commons
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Contemporaries around the world
Europe
- Louis XIV — King of France, the Sun King, 20 years younger
- Isaac Newton — English physicist and mathematician, 25 years younger
- Rembrandt — Dutch painter, 12 years older
- René Descartes — French philosopher and mathematician, 22 years older
- Galileo Galilei — Italian physicist and astronomer, 54 years older
- Johann Sebastian Bach — German composer and organist, 67 years younger
Eastern Europe & Russia
- Peter the Great — first Emperor of Russia, 54 years younger
- Alexis the Most Quiet — tsar of the 1649 Law Code and the church schism, 11 years younger
- Michael I — first tsar of the Romanov dynasty, 22 years older
- Vitus Bering — Danish explorer in Russian service, 63 years younger
- Catherine I — first Russian empress, widow of Peter the Great, 66 years younger
- Anna — empress who tore up the Conditions; era of Biron's dominance, 75 years younger
Middle East
- Ahmed III — sultan of the 'Tulip Era', 55 years younger
- Murad IV — sultan who retook Baghdad and banned tobacco, 6 years older
- Nader Shah — Shah of Iran and conqueror, 70 years younger
- Abbas the Great — Safavid Shah of Iran, 47 years older
- Evliya Çelebi — Ottoman traveller, 7 years older
- Ahmed II — sultan who lost the Battle of Slankamen, 25 years younger
Africa
- Njinga of Ndongo and Matamba — Queen of Ndongo and Matamba, 35 years older
- Moulay Ismail — Sultan of Morocco, 27 years younger
- Fasilides — Emperor of Ethiopia, 15 years older
- Osei Tutu I — founder of the Ashanti Empire, 42 years younger
- Kimpa Vita — Kongolese prophet, 66 years younger
Asia
- Kangxi Emperor — Qing emperor of China, 36 years younger
- Tokugawa Tsunayoshi — the 'Dog Shogun' who outlawed cruelty to animals, 28 years younger
- Shivaji — founder of the Maratha state, 12 years younger
- Matsuo Bashō — Japanese poet, 26 years younger
- Shah Jahan — Mughal emperor, 26 years older
- Tokugawa Iemitsu — shogun who closed Japan to the Europeans, 14 years older
Americas
- Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz — Mexican poet and nun, 30 years younger
- Samuel de Champlain — French explorer, 51 years older
Oceania
- Abel Tasman — Dutch navigator, 15 years older
The world in their lifetime
- 1618–1648 Thirty Years' War — aged 0, Europe
- 1624–1663 Nzinga becomes Queen of Ndongo — aged 6, Africa
- 1632–1653 Building of the Taj Mahal — aged 14, Asia
- 1644 Fall of the Ming, rise of the Qing — aged 26, Asia
- 1648 Peace of Westphalia — aged 30, Europe
- 1649 Execution of Charles I of England — aged 31, Europe
- 1654 Pereiaslav Agreement — aged 36, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1662 Last sighting of the dodo — aged 44, Africa
- 1676 Leeuwenhoek sees microbes — aged 58, Europe
- 1682 Accession of Peter the Great — aged 64, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1683 Battle of Vienna — aged 65, Europe
- 1687 Newton's Principia — aged 69, Europe
- 1688–1689 Glorious Revolution — aged 70, Europe
- 1703 Founding of Saint Petersburg — aged 85, Eastern Europe & Russia