Tokugawa Tsunayoshi
1646 – 1709 · 63 years · Edo · Asia
Reign: 1680 – 1709 (Japan: shoguns & emperors)
Shogun 1680–1709, a zealous Confucian and Buddhist. His Laws of Compassion for Living Things punished cruelty to dogs; his era saw the flowering of Genroku urban culture and the affair of the 47 rōnin (1701–1703).
Wikipedia (Russian) · Wikipedia (English) · 17th century
Portrait: Tosa Mitsuoki · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons
Contemporaries around the world
Europe
- Louis XIV — King of France, the Sun King, 8 years older
- Isaac Newton — English physicist and mathematician, 3 years older
- Johann Sebastian Bach — German composer and organist, 39 years younger
- Rembrandt — Dutch painter, 40 years older
- Voltaire — French Enlightenment writer, 48 years younger
- Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz — German philosopher and mathematician, born the same year
Eastern Europe & Russia
- Peter the Great — first Emperor of Russia, 26 years younger
- Alexis the Most Quiet — tsar of the 1649 Law Code and the church schism, 17 years older
- Vitus Bering — Danish explorer in Russian service, 35 years younger
- Catherine I — first Russian empress, widow of Peter the Great, 38 years younger
- Anna — empress who tore up the Conditions; era of Biron's dominance, 47 years younger
- Feodor III — tsar who abolished the precedence system (mestnichestvo), 15 years younger
Middle East
- Ahmed III — sultan of the 'Tulip Era', 27 years younger
- Nader Shah — Shah of Iran and conqueror, 42 years younger
- Ahmed II — sultan who lost the Battle of Slankamen, 3 years older
- Mehmed IV the Hunter — sultan of the Köprülü era and the siege of Vienna, 4 years older
- Suleiman II — sultan who retook Belgrade after 39 years in the 'cage', 4 years older
- Mustafa II — sultan who signed the Treaty of Karlowitz, 18 years younger
Africa
- Njinga of Ndongo and Matamba — Queen of Ndongo and Matamba, 63 years older
- Moulay Ismail — Sultan of Morocco, 1 year older
- Osei Tutu I — founder of the Ashanti Empire, 14 years younger
- Kimpa Vita — Kongolese prophet, 38 years younger
- Fasilides — Emperor of Ethiopia, 43 years older
Asia
- Kangxi Emperor — Qing emperor of China, 8 years younger
- Aurangzeb — Mughal emperor, 28 years older
- Matsuo Bashō — Japanese poet, 2 years older
- Shivaji — founder of the Maratha state, 16 years older
- Tokugawa Yoshimune — reforming shogun who allowed Western books, 38 years younger
- Shah Jahan — Mughal emperor, 54 years older
Americas
- Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz — Mexican poet and nun, 2 years younger
Oceania
- Abel Tasman — Dutch navigator, 43 years older
The world in their lifetime
- 1648 Peace of Westphalia — aged 2, Europe
- 1649 Execution of Charles I of England — aged 3, Europe
- 1654 Pereiaslav Agreement — aged 8, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1662 Last sighting of the dodo — aged 16, Africa
- 1676 Leeuwenhoek sees microbes — aged 30, Europe
- 1682 Accession of Peter the Great — aged 36, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1683 Battle of Vienna — aged 37, Europe
- 1687 Newton's Principia — aged 41, Europe
- 1688–1689 Glorious Revolution — aged 42, Europe
- 1703 Founding of Saint Petersburg — aged 57, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1709 Battle of Poltava — aged 63, Eastern Europe & Russia