Mustafa II
1664 – 1703 · 39 years · Edirne · Middle East
Reign: 1695 – 1703 (Ottoman Empire)
He led his armies against the Habsburgs in person but was routed by Eugene of Savoy at Zenta in 1697. The Treaty of Karlowitz (1699) ceded Hungary and Transylvania, the empire's first major losses; he was deposed in the Edirne Event of 1703.
Wikipedia (Russian) · Wikipedia (English) · 17th century
Portrait: Bilinmiyor · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons
Contemporaries around the world
Europe
- Louis XIV — King of France, the Sun King, 26 years older
- Isaac Newton — English physicist and mathematician, 21 years older
- Johann Sebastian Bach — German composer and organist, 21 years younger
- Leopold I — emperor under whom Vienna was saved from the Turks and Hungary retaken, 24 years older
- Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz — German philosopher and mathematician, 18 years older
- William III of Orange — Dutch stadtholder who took power in the Glorious Revolution, 14 years older
Eastern Europe & Russia
- Peter the Great — first Emperor of Russia, 8 years younger
- Vitus Bering — Danish explorer in Russian service, 17 years younger
- Catherine I — first Russian empress, widow of Peter the Great, 20 years younger
- Alexis the Most Quiet — tsar of the 1649 Law Code and the church schism, 35 years older
- Anna — empress who tore up the Conditions; era of Biron's dominance, 29 years younger
- Feodor III — tsar who abolished the precedence system (mestnichestvo), 3 years older
Middle East
- Ahmed III — sultan of the 'Tulip Era', 9 years younger
- Nader Shah — Shah of Iran and conqueror, 24 years younger
- Ahmed II — sultan who lost the Battle of Slankamen, 21 years older
- Mehmed IV the Hunter — sultan of the Köprülü era and the siege of Vienna, 22 years older
- Suleiman II — sultan who retook Belgrade after 39 years in the 'cage', 22 years older
- Evliya Çelebi — Ottoman traveller, 53 years older
Africa
- Moulay Ismail — Sultan of Morocco, 19 years older
- Osei Tutu I — founder of the Ashanti Empire, 4 years older
- Kimpa Vita — Kongolese prophet, 20 years younger
Asia
- Kangxi Emperor — Qing emperor of China, 10 years older
- Aurangzeb — Mughal emperor, 46 years older
- Tokugawa Tsunayoshi — the 'Dog Shogun' who outlawed cruelty to animals, 18 years older
- Matsuo Bashō — Japanese poet, 20 years older
- Tokugawa Yoshimune — reforming shogun who allowed Western books, 20 years younger
- Shivaji — founder of the Maratha state, 34 years older
Americas
- Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz — Mexican poet and nun, 16 years older
The world in their lifetime
- 1676 Leeuwenhoek sees microbes — aged 12, Europe
- 1682 Accession of Peter the Great — aged 18, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1683 Battle of Vienna — aged 19, Europe
- 1687 Newton's Principia — aged 23, Europe
- 1688–1689 Glorious Revolution — aged 24, Europe
- 1703 Founding of Saint Petersburg — aged 39, Eastern Europe & Russia