Charles II
%20-%20Charles%20II%20(1630-1685)%20-%20RCIN%20405672%20-%20Royal%20Collection.jpg?width=160 "Peter Lely · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons")
1630 – 1685 · 55 years · London · Europe
Reign: 1660 – 1685 (England and Britain)
Son of the executed Charles I, he returned to the throne in 1660 in the Restoration of the monarchy. Known as the Merry Monarch, he saw London through the Great Plague of 1665 and the Great Fire of 1666 and chartered the Royal Society.
Wikipedia (Russian) · Wikipedia (English) · 17th century
Portrait: Peter Lely · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons
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Contemporaries around the world
Europe
- Louis XIV — King of France, the Sun King, 8 years younger
- Isaac Newton — English physicist and mathematician, 13 years younger
- Rembrandt — Dutch painter, 24 years older
- René Descartes — French philosopher and mathematician, 34 years older
- Galileo Galilei — Italian physicist and astronomer, 66 years older
- Leopold I — emperor under whom Vienna was saved from the Turks and Hungary retaken, 10 years younger
Eastern Europe & Russia
- Peter the Great — first Emperor of Russia, 42 years younger
- Alexis the Most Quiet — tsar of the 1649 Law Code and the church schism, 1 year older
- Michael I — first tsar of the Romanov dynasty, 34 years older
- Bohdan Khmelnytsky — Hetman of the Zaporozhian Host, 35 years older
- Feodor III — tsar who abolished the precedence system (mestnichestvo), 31 years younger
- Dmitry Pozharsky — prince and militia leader, 52 years older
Middle East
- Ahmed III — sultan of the 'Tulip Era', 43 years younger
- Murad IV — sultan who retook Baghdad and banned tobacco, 18 years older
- Evliya Çelebi — Ottoman traveller, 19 years older
- Mehmed IV the Hunter — sultan of the Köprülü era and the siege of Vienna, 12 years younger
- Suleiman II — sultan who retook Belgrade after 39 years in the 'cage', 12 years younger
- Ahmed II — sultan who lost the Battle of Slankamen, 13 years younger
Africa
- Njinga of Ndongo and Matamba — Queen of Ndongo and Matamba, 47 years older
- Moulay Ismail — Sultan of Morocco, 15 years younger
- Fasilides — Emperor of Ethiopia, 27 years older
- Osei Tutu I — founder of the Ashanti Empire, 30 years younger
Asia
- Kangxi Emperor — Qing emperor of China, 24 years younger
- Aurangzeb — Mughal emperor, 12 years older
- Shivaji — founder of the Maratha state, born the same year
- Matsuo Bashō — Japanese poet, 14 years younger
- Tokugawa Tsunayoshi — the 'Dog Shogun' who outlawed cruelty to animals, 16 years younger
- Shah Jahan — Mughal emperor, 38 years older
Americas
- Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz — Mexican poet and nun, 18 years younger
Oceania
- Abel Tasman — Dutch navigator, 27 years older
The world in their lifetime
- 1632–1653 Building of the Taj Mahal — aged 2, Asia
- 1644 Fall of the Ming, rise of the Qing — aged 14, Asia
- 1648 Peace of Westphalia — aged 18, Europe
- 1649 Execution of Charles I of England — aged 19, Europe
- 1654 Pereiaslav Agreement — aged 24, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1662 Last sighting of the dodo — aged 32, Africa
- 1676 Leeuwenhoek sees microbes — aged 46, Europe
- 1682 Accession of Peter the Great — aged 52, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1683 Battle of Vienna — aged 53, Europe