Louis XIII
1601 – 1643 · 42 years · Paris · Europe
Reign: 1610 – 1643 (Franks and France)
Son of Henry IV. From 1624 he relied on Cardinal Richelieu, who took the Huguenot stronghold of La Rochelle and brought France into the Thirty Years’ War against the Habsburgs.
Wikipedia (Russian) · Wikipedia (English) · 17th century
Portrait: School of Philippe de Champaigne · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons
Contemporaries around the world
Europe
- René Descartes — French philosopher and mathematician, 5 years older
- Galileo Galilei — Italian physicist and astronomer, 37 years older
- Rembrandt — Dutch painter, 5 years younger
- Miguel de Cervantes — Spanish novelist, 54 years older
- William Shakespeare — English playwright and poet, 37 years older
- Oliver Cromwell — Lord Protector of England, 2 years older
Eastern Europe & Russia
- Michael I — first tsar of the Romanov dynasty, 5 years older
- Alexis the Most Quiet — tsar of the 1649 Law Code and the church schism, 28 years younger
- Bohdan Khmelnytsky — Hetman of the Zaporozhian Host, 6 years older
- Dmitry Pozharsky — prince and militia leader, 23 years older
- Vasily Shuisky — boyar tsar of the Time of Troubles who died in Polish captivity, 49 years older
Middle East
- Abbas the Great — Safavid Shah of Iran, 30 years older
- Murad IV — sultan who retook Baghdad and banned tobacco, 11 years younger
- Kösem Sultan — Ottoman queen mother, 12 years older
- Mustafa I — mentally unstable sultan enthroned twice, 1 year older
- Evliya Çelebi — Ottoman traveller, 10 years younger
- Ibrahim the Mad — sultan nicknamed 'the Mad', 14 years younger
Africa
- Njinga of Ndongo and Matamba — Queen of Ndongo and Matamba, 18 years older
- Fasilides — Emperor of Ethiopia, 2 years younger
- Ahmed Baba — Timbuktu scholar, 45 years older
Asia
- Tokugawa Ieyasu — first Tokugawa shogun, 58 years older
- Nur Jahan — Mughal empress, 24 years older
- Shah Jahan — Mughal emperor, 9 years older
- Tokugawa Iemitsu — shogun who closed Japan to the Europeans, 3 years younger
- Tokugawa Hidetada — second Tokugawa shogun, who locked in the house's grip on the daimyo, 22 years older
- Mumtaz Mahal — consort of Emperor Shah Jahan, 8 years older
Americas
- Samuel de Champlain — French explorer, 34 years older
- Pocahontas — Powhatan chief's daughter, 5 years older
- Inca Garcilaso de la Vega — chronicler, son of a conquistador and an Inca princess, 62 years older
Oceania
- Abel Tasman — Dutch navigator, 2 years younger
The world in their lifetime
- c. 1605–1694 Quilombo of Palmares — aged 4, Americas
- 1607 Founding of Jamestown — aged 6, Americas
- 1609 Jesuit reductions among the Guaraní — aged 8, Americas
- 1610 Galileo's telescopic discoveries — aged 9, Europe
- 1612 Minin and Pozharsky liberate Moscow — aged 11, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1613 Election of Michael Romanov as Tsar — aged 12, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1618–1648 Thirty Years' War — aged 17, Europe
- 1624–1663 Nzinga becomes Queen of Ndongo — aged 23, Africa
- 1632–1653 Building of the Taj Mahal — aged 31, Asia