Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
Soviet Russia leaves the war at the cost of vast lands
On 3 March 1918 the Soviet government made peace with the Central Powers: Russia gave up Poland, Lithuania and Courland, withdrew from Ukraine, Finland and the Baltic, and ceded Kars and Batum to Turkey. After Germany's defeat in November 1918 the treaty was annulled.
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Meanwhile around the world (±25 years)
Whole world
- 1914–1918 World War I — 4 years earlier
- 1918–1920 Spanish flu pandemic — same year
- 1920 League of Nations founded — 2 years later
- 1939–1945 World War II — 21 years later
- 1943 Tehran Conference — 25 years later
Europe
- 1905 Einstein's miracle year and relativity — 13 years earlier
- 1919 Treaty of Versailles — 1 year later
- 1928 Discovery of penicillin — 10 years later
- 1933 Hitler comes to power — 15 years later
- 1936–1939 Spanish Civil War — 18 years later
Middle East
- 1908 Oil struck at Masjed Soleyman — 10 years earlier
- 1915–1917 Armenian genocide — 3 years earlier
- 1916 Sykes–Picot Agreement — 2 years earlier
- 1917 Balfour Declaration — 1 year earlier
- 1919–1922 Greco-Turkish War — 1 year later
Africa
- 1898 Battle of Omdurman — 20 years earlier
- 1899–1902 Second Boer War — 19 years earlier
- 1904–1908 The Herero and Nama genocide — 14 years earlier
- 1922 Discovery of Tutankhamun's tomb — 4 years later
- 1935–1937 Italy invades Ethiopia — 17 years later
Asia
- 1910 Japan annexes Korea — 8 years earlier
- 1911–1912 Xinhai Revolution — 7 years earlier
- 1919 Amritsar massacre — 1 year later
- 1923 Great Kantō earthquake — 5 years later
- 1931 China floods — 13 years later
Americas
- 1910–1920 Mexican Revolution — 8 years earlier
- 1913 Ford's moving assembly line — 5 years earlier
- 1914 Opening of the Panama Canal — 4 years earlier
- 1914 Death of Martha, the last passenger pigeon — 4 years earlier
- 1929 Wall Street Crash and the Great Depression — 11 years later
Oceania
- 1893 New Zealand women win the vote — 25 years earlier
- 1911 Amundsen reaches the South Pole — 7 years earlier
- 1912 The death of Scott's polar party — 6 years earlier
- 1936 Death of the last thylacine — 18 years later
- 1941 Attack on Pearl Harbor — 23 years later
Alive at the time
- Thomas Edison (aged 71)
- Nikola Tesla (aged 62)
- Marie Curie (aged 51)
- Mahatma Gandhi (aged 49)
- Vladimir Lenin (aged 48)
- Ernest Rutherford (aged 47)
- Winston Churchill (aged 44)
- Joseph Stalin (aged 40)
- Albert Einstein (aged 39)
- Pablo Picasso (aged 37)