US Constitution
Separation of powers in the oldest written constitution in force
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The Philadelphia Convention, chaired by George Washington, signed a Constitution creating a federal republic with separation of powers. In force since 1789, it is the oldest written national constitution still in use.
Wikipedia (Russian) · Wikipedia (English) · 18th century
Meanwhile around the world (±25 years)
Europe
- 1783–1784 Laki eruption — 4 years earlier
- 1789 Storming of the Bastille — 2 years later
- 1789 Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen — 2 years later
- 1796 Jenner's first vaccination — 9 years later
- 1804 Coronation of Napoleon — 17 years later
Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1764 Founding of the Hermitage — 23 years earlier
- c. 1768 Extinction of Steller's sea cow — 19 years earlier
- 1772–1795 Partitions of Poland — 15 years earlier
- 1783 Russian annexation of Crimea (1783) — 4 years earlier
- 1812 Napoleon's invasion of Russia — 25 years later
Africa
- 1798 Battle of the Pyramids — 11 years later
- 1804–1903 Usman dan Fodio's jihad and the Sokoto Caliphate — 17 years later
- 1805–1848 Muhammad Ali becomes ruler of Egypt — 18 years later
Oceania
- 1768–1771 Cook's first voyage — 19 years earlier
- 1788 First Fleet arrives in Australia — 1 year later
Alive at the time
- Benjamin Franklin (aged 81)
- Catherine the Great (aged 58)
- George Washington (aged 55)
- Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (aged 38)
- Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (aged 31)
- Napoleon Bonaparte (aged 18)
- Ludwig van Beethoven (aged 17)
- Simón Bolívar (aged 4)
- Qianlong Emperor (aged 76)
- Adam Smith (aged 64)