Nurhaci
1559 – 1626 · 67 years · Mukden · Asia
United the Jurchen tribes, created the Eight Banners and founded the Later Jin state that became the Qing Empire.
Wikipedia (Russian) · Wikipedia (English) · 16th century
Portrait: Public domain · Wikimedia Commons
Contemporaries around the world
Europe
- Galileo Galilei — Italian physicist and astronomer, 5 years younger
- Miguel de Cervantes — Spanish novelist, 12 years older
- William Shakespeare — English playwright and poet, 5 years younger
- Elizabeth I — Queen of England, 26 years older
- René Descartes — French philosopher and mathematician, 37 years younger
- Rembrandt — Dutch painter, 47 years younger
Eastern Europe & Russia
- Ivan the Terrible — first Tsar of Russia, 29 years older
- Michael I — first tsar of the Romanov dynasty, 37 years younger
- Yermak Timofeyevich — Cossack conqueror of Siberia, 27 years older
- False Dmitry I — pretender who claimed to be Tsarevich Dmitry, 22 years younger
- Vasily Shuisky — boyar tsar of the Time of Troubles who died in Polish captivity, 7 years older
- Dmitry Pozharsky — prince and militia leader, 19 years younger
Middle East
- Abbas the Great — Safavid Shah of Iran, 12 years younger
- Selim II — sultan who took Cyprus and lost at Lepanto, 35 years older
- Murad IV — sultan who retook Baghdad and banned tobacco, 53 years younger
- Mehmed III — sultan who executed 19 brothers and won at Keresztes, 7 years younger
- Kösem Sultan — Ottoman queen mother, 30 years younger
- Murad III — sultan who won the Caucasus from the Safavids, 13 years older
Africa
- Njinga of Ndongo and Matamba — Queen of Ndongo and Matamba, 24 years younger
- Ahmed Baba — Timbuktu scholar, 3 years older
- Ahmad al-Mansur — Sultan of Morocco, 10 years older
- Fasilides — Emperor of Ethiopia, 44 years younger
Asia
- Tokugawa Ieyasu — first Tokugawa shogun, 16 years older
- Akbar the Great — Mughal emperor, 17 years older
- Matteo Ricci — Jesuit missionary in China, 7 years older
- Nur Jahan — Mughal empress, 18 years younger
- Tokugawa Hidetada — second Tokugawa shogun, who locked in the house's grip on the daimyo, 20 years younger
- Toyotomi Hideyoshi — unifier of Japan, 22 years older
Americas
- Samuel de Champlain — French explorer, 8 years younger
- Inca Garcilaso de la Vega — chronicler, son of a conquistador and an Inca princess, 20 years older
- Pocahontas — Powhatan chief's daughter, 37 years younger
Oceania
- Abel Tasman — Dutch navigator, 44 years younger
The world in their lifetime
- 1569 Union of Lublin — aged 10, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1571 Battle of Lepanto — aged 12, Europe
- 1572 St Bartholomew's Day Massacre — aged 13, Europe
- 1582 Gregorian calendar — aged 23, Europe
- 1582 Yermak's conquest of Sibir — aged 23, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1588 Defeat of the Spanish Armada — aged 29, Europe
- 1591 Battle of Tondibi and fall of Songhai — aged 32, Africa
- 1592–1598 Imjin War — aged 33, Asia
- 1598–1613 Time of Troubles — aged 39, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1598 Edict of Nantes — aged 39, Europe
- 1600 Battle of Sekigahara — aged 41, Asia
- 1600 Eruption of Huaynaputina — aged 41, Americas
- 1600 East India Company founded — aged 41, Europe
- c. 1605–1694 Quilombo of Palmares — aged 46, Americas
- 1607 Founding of Jamestown — aged 48, Americas
- 1609 Jesuit reductions among the Guaraní — aged 50, Americas
- 1610 Galileo's telescopic discoveries — aged 51, Europe
- 1612 Minin and Pozharsky liberate Moscow — aged 53, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1613 Election of Michael Romanov as Tsar — aged 54, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1618–1648 Thirty Years' War — aged 59, Europe
- 1624–1663 Nzinga becomes Queen of Ndongo — aged 65, Africa