Tokugawa Ienobu
1662 – 1712 · 50 years · Edo · Asia
Reign: 1709 – 1712 (Japan: shoguns & emperors)
Tsunayoshi's nephew, shogun 1709–1712. He immediately repealed the Laws of Compassion and, with his Confucian adviser Arai Hakuseki, began restoring the debased coinage and curbing the outflow of silver and gold abroad.
Wikipedia (Russian) · Wikipedia (English) · 17th century
Portrait: Public domain · Wikimedia Commons
Contemporaries around the world
Europe
- Louis XIV — King of France, the Sun King, 24 years older
- Isaac Newton — English physicist and mathematician, 19 years older
- Johann Sebastian Bach — German composer and organist, 23 years younger
- Voltaire — French Enlightenment writer, 32 years younger
- Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz — German philosopher and mathematician, 16 years older
- Queen Anne — last Stuart monarch, under whom Great Britain was created, 3 years younger
Eastern Europe & Russia
- Peter the Great — first Emperor of Russia, 10 years younger
- Vitus Bering — Danish explorer in Russian service, 19 years younger
- Catherine I — first Russian empress, widow of Peter the Great, 22 years younger
- Anna — empress who tore up the Conditions; era of Biron's dominance, 31 years younger
- Alexis the Most Quiet — tsar of the 1649 Law Code and the church schism, 33 years older
- Feodor III — tsar who abolished the precedence system (mestnichestvo), 1 year older
Middle East
- Ahmed III — sultan of the 'Tulip Era', 11 years younger
- Nader Shah — Shah of Iran and conqueror, 26 years younger
- Mustafa II — sultan who signed the Treaty of Karlowitz, 2 years younger
- Ahmed II — sultan who lost the Battle of Slankamen, 19 years older
- Mehmed IV the Hunter — sultan of the Köprülü era and the siege of Vienna, 20 years older
- Suleiman II — sultan who retook Belgrade after 39 years in the 'cage', 20 years older
Africa
- Moulay Ismail — Sultan of Morocco, 17 years older
- Osei Tutu I — founder of the Ashanti Empire, 2 years older
- Kimpa Vita — Kongolese prophet, 22 years younger
Asia
- Kangxi Emperor — Qing emperor of China, 8 years older
- Tokugawa Tsunayoshi — the 'Dog Shogun' who outlawed cruelty to animals, 16 years older
- Aurangzeb — Mughal emperor, 44 years older
- Matsuo Bashō — Japanese poet, 18 years older
- Tokugawa Yoshimune — reforming shogun who allowed Western books, 22 years younger
- Shivaji — founder of the Maratha state, 32 years older
Americas
- Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz — Mexican poet and nun, 14 years older
The world in their lifetime
- 1662 Last sighting of the dodo — aged 0, Africa
- 1676 Leeuwenhoek sees microbes — aged 14, Europe
- 1682 Accession of Peter the Great — aged 20, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1683 Battle of Vienna — aged 21, Europe
- 1687 Newton's Principia — aged 25, Europe
- 1688–1689 Glorious Revolution — aged 26, Europe
- 1703 Founding of Saint Petersburg — aged 41, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1709 Battle of Poltava — aged 47, Eastern Europe & Russia