Massacre of the Citadel
Muhammad Ali wipes out the Mamluk elite in one stroke
On 1 March 1811 Muhammad Ali invited the Mamluk beys to a ceremony at the Cairo Citadel, and as they left through a narrow passage his soldiers massacred them. The Mamluks, a power in Egypt for nearly six centuries, were finished, and the pasha became the country's undisputed master.
Wikipedia (English) · 19th century
Meanwhile around the world (±25 years)
Europe
- 1789 Storming of the Bastille — 22 years earlier
- 1796 Jenner's first vaccination — 15 years earlier
- 1804 Coronation of Napoleon — 7 years earlier
- 1813 Battle of Leipzig — 2 years later
- 1814–1815 Congress of Vienna — 3 years later
Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1807 Treaties of Tilsit — 4 years earlier
- 1812 Napoleon's invasion of Russia — 1 year later
- 1812 Battle of Borodino — 1 year later
Middle East
- 1828 Treaty of Turkmenchay — 17 years later
Asia
- 1815 Eruption of Mount Tambora — 4 years later
- 1817–1824 First cholera pandemic — 6 years later
- 1819 Raffles founds modern Singapore — 8 years later
- c. 1831 Hokusai's Great Wave off Kanagawa — 20 years later
Americas
- 1803 Louisiana Purchase — 8 years earlier
- 1810–1826 Spanish American wars of independence — 1 year earlier
- 1812–1815 War of 1812 — 1 year later
- 1817 San Martín's Crossing of the Andes — 6 years later
- 1821 Mexican independence — 10 years later
Oceania
- 1788 First Fleet arrives in Australia — 23 years earlier
Alive at the time
- Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (aged 62)
- Napoleon Bonaparte (aged 42)
- Ludwig van Beethoven (aged 41)
- Simón Bolívar (aged 28)
- Alexander Pushkin (aged 12)
- Charles Darwin (aged 2)
- Abraham Lincoln (aged 2)
- James Watt (aged 75)
- George III (aged 73)
- Thomas Jefferson (aged 68)