Thomas Jefferson
(cropped).jpg?width=160 "Rembrandt Peale · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons")
1743 – 1826 · 83 years · Monticello · Americas
Reign: 1801 – 1809 (US presidents)
Principal author of the Declaration of Independence who, as president, doubled the country with the Louisiana Purchase.
Wikipedia (Russian) · Wikipedia (English) · 18th century
Portrait: Rembrandt Peale · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons
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Contemporaries around the world
Europe
- Johann Wolfgang von Goethe — German poet and thinker, 6 years younger
- Ludwig van Beethoven — German composer, 27 years younger
- Napoleon Bonaparte — Emperor of the French, 26 years younger
- Voltaire — French Enlightenment writer, 49 years older
- Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart — Austrian composer, 13 years younger
- Charles Darwin — naturalist, author of evolutionary theory, 66 years younger
Eastern Europe & Russia
- Catherine the Great — Empress of Russia, 14 years older
- Alexander Pushkin — Russian poet, 56 years younger
- Mikhail Lomonosov — Russian polymath, 32 years older
- Mikhail Kutuzov — Russian field marshal, 2 years younger
- Alexander Suvorov — Russian generalissimo, 13 years older
- Alexander I — emperor who defeated Napoleon, 34 years younger
Middle East
- Mahmud II — sultan who destroyed the Janissaries, 42 years younger
- Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab — Islamic religious reformer, 40 years older
- Selim III — reforming Ottoman sultan, 18 years younger
- Abdul Hamid I — sultan of the Küçük Kaynarca peace and the loss of Crimea, 18 years older
- Mustafa III — sultan who lost the war to Catherine II, 26 years older
- Mustafa IV — sultan who overthrew the reformer Selim III, 36 years younger
Africa
- Muhammad Ali of Egypt — ruler of Egypt, 26 years younger
- Shaka — King of the Zulu, 44 years younger
- David Livingstone — explorer of Africa and missionary, 70 years younger
- Usman dan Fodio — founder of the Sokoto Caliphate, 11 years younger
- Ranavalona I — Queen of Madagascar, 35 years younger
- Moshoeshoe I — founder of Lesotho, 43 years younger
Asia
- Katsushika Hokusai — Japanese artist, 17 years younger
- Qianlong Emperor — Qing emperor of China, 32 years older
- Tokugawa Ienari — longest-serving shogun, for half a century, 30 years younger
- Tipu Sultan — ruler of Mysore, 8 years younger
- Tokugawa Ieharu — shogun of the Tanuma era and the Tenmei famine, 6 years older
- Tokugawa Ieyoshi — shogun who died just after the Black Ships arrived, 50 years younger
Americas
- George Washington — first President of the United States, 11 years older
- Benjamin Franklin — American scientist and statesman, 37 years older
- Simón Bolívar — liberator of South America, 40 years younger
- Abraham Lincoln — 16th President of the United States, 66 years younger
- Toussaint Louverture — leader of the Haitian Revolution, born the same year
- Andrew Jackson — 7th US president, the Trail of Tears and the Jacksonian era, 24 years younger
Oceania
- James Cook — British navigator, 15 years older
- Kamehameha I — first King of Hawaii, 15 years younger
- Tupaia — Tahitian navigator and priest, 18 years older
- Arthur Phillip — first Governor of New South Wales, 5 years older
- Hongi Hika — Ngāpuhi Māori chief, 29 years younger
- Bennelong — Aboriginal intermediary, 21 years younger
The world in their lifetime
- 1747 Ahmad Shah Durrani founds the Afghan state — aged 4, Middle East
- 1755 Lisbon earthquake — aged 12, Europe
- 1756–1763 Seven Years' War — aged 13, Europe
- 1757 Battle of Plassey — aged 14, Asia
- c. 1760 Start of the Industrial Revolution — aged 17, Europe
- 1762 Accession of Catherine the Great — aged 19, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1764 Founding of the Hermitage — aged 21, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1768–1771 Cook's first voyage — aged 25, Oceania
- c. 1768 Extinction of Steller's sea cow — aged 25, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1769 Watt's steam engine — aged 26, Europe
- 1772–1795 Partitions of Poland — aged 29, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1776 US Declaration of Independence — aged 33, Americas
- 1783–1784 Laki eruption — aged 40, Europe
- 1783 Russian annexation of Crimea (1783) — aged 40, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1783 First manned balloon flight — aged 40, Europe
- 1787 US Constitution — aged 44, Americas
- 1788 First Fleet arrives in Australia — aged 45, Oceania
- 1789 Storming of the Bastille — aged 46, Europe
- 1789 Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen — aged 46, Europe
- 1791–1804 Haitian Revolution — aged 48, Americas
- 1796 Jenner's first vaccination — aged 53, Europe
- 1798 Battle of the Pyramids — aged 55, Africa
- 1803 Louisiana Purchase — aged 60, Americas
- 1804 Coronation of Napoleon — aged 61, Europe
- 1804–1813 First Serbian Uprising — aged 61, Europe
- 1804–1903 Usman dan Fodio's jihad and the Sokoto Caliphate — aged 61, Africa
- 1805–1848 Muhammad Ali becomes ruler of Egypt — aged 62, Africa
- 1805 Battle of Trafalgar — aged 62, Europe
- 1810–1826 Spanish American wars of independence — aged 67, Americas
- 1812 Napoleon's invasion of Russia — aged 69, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1814–1815 Congress of Vienna — aged 71, Europe
- 1815 Eruption of Mount Tambora — aged 72, Asia
- 1815 Battle of Waterloo — aged 72, Europe
- 1816 Year Without a Summer — aged 73, Europe
- 1817–1824 First cholera pandemic — aged 74, Asia
- 1817 San Martín's Crossing of the Andes — aged 74, Americas
- 1819 Raffles founds modern Singapore — aged 76, Asia
- 1822 Independence of Brazil — aged 79, Americas