Tokugawa Ienari
1773 – 1841 · 68 years · Edo · Asia
Reign: 1787 – 1837 (Japan: shoguns & emperors)
Shogun 1787–1837. Early on, the regent Matsudaira Sadanobu carried out the Kansei Reforms; later the court sank into luxury, and Ienari fathered more than 50 children. In 1825 he ordered all foreign ships to be driven off by force.
Wikipedia (Russian) · Wikipedia (English) · 18th century
Portrait: Attributed to Kanō Osanobu · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons
Contemporaries around the world
Europe
- Johann Wolfgang von Goethe — German poet and thinker, 24 years older
- Ludwig van Beethoven — German composer, 3 years older
- Napoleon Bonaparte — Emperor of the French, 4 years older
- Charles Darwin — naturalist, author of evolutionary theory, 36 years younger
- Karl Marx — philosopher and economist, 45 years younger
- Queen Victoria — Queen of the United Kingdom, 46 years younger
Eastern Europe & Russia
- Alexander Pushkin — Russian poet, 26 years younger
- Catherine the Great — Empress of Russia, 44 years older
- Fyodor Dostoevsky — novelist, 48 years younger
- Leo Tolstoy — novelist, 55 years younger
- Alexander I — emperor who defeated Napoleon, 4 years younger
- Nicholas I — emperor who crushed the Decembrist revolt, 23 years younger
Middle East
- Mahmud II — sultan who destroyed the Janissaries, 12 years younger
- Abdulmejid I — sultan of the Tanzimat reforms, 50 years younger
- Selim III — reforming Ottoman sultan, 12 years older
- Mustafa IV — sultan who overthrew the reformer Selim III, 6 years younger
- Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab — Islamic religious reformer, 70 years older
- Abdul Hamid I — sultan of the Küçük Kaynarca peace and the loss of Crimea, 48 years older
Africa
- Muhammad Ali of Egypt — ruler of Egypt, 4 years older
- Shaka — King of the Zulu, 14 years younger
- David Livingstone — explorer of Africa and missionary, 40 years younger
- Ranavalona I — Queen of Madagascar, 5 years younger
- Moshoeshoe I — founder of Lesotho, 13 years younger
- Usman dan Fodio — founder of the Sokoto Caliphate, 19 years older
Asia
- Katsushika Hokusai — Japanese artist, 13 years older
- Qianlong Emperor — Qing emperor of China, 62 years older
- Tipu Sultan — ruler of Mysore, 22 years older
- Tokugawa Ieyoshi — shogun who died just after the Black Ships arrived, 20 years younger
- Tokugawa Iesada — shogun under whom Japan opened its ports to the West, 51 years younger
- Tokugawa Ieharu — shogun of the Tanuma era and the Tenmei famine, 36 years older
Americas
- Simón Bolívar — liberator of South America, 10 years younger
- Abraham Lincoln — 16th President of the United States, 36 years younger
- George Washington — first President of the United States, 41 years older
- Benjamin Franklin — American scientist and statesman, 67 years older
- Andrew Jackson — 7th US president, the Trail of Tears and the Jacksonian era, 6 years older
- José de San Martín — liberator of Argentina, Chile and Peru, 5 years younger
Oceania
- Kamehameha I — first King of Hawaii, 15 years older
- Hongi Hika — Ngāpuhi Māori chief, 1 year older
- Arthur Phillip — first Governor of New South Wales, 35 years older
- Bennelong — Aboriginal intermediary, 9 years older
- Truganini — Aboriginal Tasmanian woman, 39 years younger
- Henry Parkes — Premier of New South Wales, 'Father of Federation', 42 years younger
The world in their lifetime
- 1776 US Declaration of Independence — aged 3, Americas
- 1783–1784 Laki eruption — aged 10, Europe
- 1783 Russian annexation of Crimea (1783) — aged 10, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1783 First manned balloon flight — aged 10, Europe
- 1787 US Constitution — aged 14, Americas
- 1788 First Fleet arrives in Australia — aged 15, Oceania
- 1789 Storming of the Bastille — aged 16, Europe
- 1789 Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen — aged 16, Europe
- 1791–1804 Haitian Revolution — aged 18, Americas
- 1796 Jenner's first vaccination — aged 23, Europe
- 1798 Battle of the Pyramids — aged 25, Africa
- 1803 Louisiana Purchase — aged 30, Americas
- 1804 Coronation of Napoleon — aged 31, Europe
- 1804–1813 First Serbian Uprising — aged 31, Europe
- 1804–1903 Usman dan Fodio's jihad and the Sokoto Caliphate — aged 31, Africa
- 1805–1848 Muhammad Ali becomes ruler of Egypt — aged 32, Africa
- 1805 Battle of Trafalgar — aged 32, Europe
- 1810–1826 Spanish American wars of independence — aged 37, Americas
- 1812 Napoleon's invasion of Russia — aged 39, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1814–1815 Congress of Vienna — aged 41, Europe
- 1815 Eruption of Mount Tambora — aged 42, Asia
- 1815 Battle of Waterloo — aged 42, Europe
- 1816 Year Without a Summer — aged 43, Europe
- 1817–1824 First cholera pandemic — aged 44, Asia
- 1817 San Martín's Crossing of the Andes — aged 44, Americas
- 1819 Raffles founds modern Singapore — aged 46, Asia
- 1822 Independence of Brazil — aged 49, Americas
- 1828 Treaty of Turkmenchay — aged 55, Middle East
- c. 1831 Hokusai's Great Wave off Kanagawa — aged 58, Asia
- 1833 Abolition of slavery in the British Empire — aged 60, Europe
- c. 1835–1846 The Great Trek — aged 62, Africa
- 1835 Darwin in the Galápagos — aged 62, Americas
- 1838–1839 Trail of Tears — aged 65, Americas
- 1839–1842 First Opium War — aged 66, Asia
- 1839 Birth of photography: the daguerreotype — aged 66, Europe
- 1839 The Edict of Gülhane opens the Tanzimat — aged 66, Middle East
- 1839–1842 First Anglo-Afghan War — aged 66, Middle East