Mustafa IV
.jpg?width=160 "Konstantin Kapıdağlı · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons")
1779 – 1808 · 29 years · Istanbul · Middle East
Reign: 1807 – 1808 (Ottoman Empire)
He came to power in 1807 on a Janissary revolt against Selim III's reforms. As Alemdar Mustafa Pasha's troops marched on the palace in 1808 he ordered Selim killed; he was himself deposed and executed.
Wikipedia (Russian) · Wikipedia (English) · 18th century
Portrait: Konstantin Kapıdağlı · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons
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Contemporaries around the world
Europe
- Johann Wolfgang von Goethe — German poet and thinker, 30 years older
- Napoleon Bonaparte — Emperor of the French, 10 years older
- Ludwig van Beethoven — German composer, 9 years older
- Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart — Austrian composer, 23 years older
- James Watt — Scottish inventor and engineer, 43 years older
- George III — king under whom Britain lost its American colonies, 41 years older
Eastern Europe & Russia
- Catherine the Great — Empress of Russia, 50 years older
- Mikhail Kutuzov — Russian field marshal, 34 years older
- Alexander I — emperor who defeated Napoleon, 2 years older
- Paul I — emperor who reformed the succession law, killed by conspirators, 25 years older
- Alexander Suvorov — Russian generalissimo, 49 years older
- Nicholas I — emperor who crushed the Decembrist revolt, 17 years younger
Middle East
- Mahmud II — sultan who destroyed the Janissaries, 6 years younger
- Selim III — reforming Ottoman sultan, 18 years older
- Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab — Islamic religious reformer, 76 years older
- Abdul Hamid I — sultan of the Küçük Kaynarca peace and the loss of Crimea, 54 years older
Africa
- Muhammad Ali of Egypt — ruler of Egypt, 10 years older
- Shaka — King of the Zulu, 8 years younger
- Usman dan Fodio — founder of the Sokoto Caliphate, 25 years older
- Ranavalona I — Queen of Madagascar, 1 year older
- Moshoeshoe I — founder of Lesotho, 7 years younger
Asia
- Katsushika Hokusai — Japanese artist, 19 years older
- Tokugawa Ienari — longest-serving shogun, for half a century, 6 years older
- Qianlong Emperor — Qing emperor of China, 68 years older
- Tipu Sultan — ruler of Mysore, 28 years older
- Tokugawa Ieyoshi — shogun who died just after the Black Ships arrived, 14 years younger
Americas
- Simón Bolívar — liberator of South America, 4 years younger
- George Washington — first President of the United States, 47 years older
- Benjamin Franklin — American scientist and statesman, 73 years older
- Thomas Jefferson — third President of the United States, 36 years older
- Andrew Jackson — 7th US president, the Trail of Tears and the Jacksonian era, 12 years older
- José de San Martín — liberator of Argentina, Chile and Peru, 1 year older
Oceania
- Kamehameha I — first King of Hawaii, 21 years older
- Arthur Phillip — first Governor of New South Wales, 41 years older
- Bennelong — Aboriginal intermediary, 15 years older
- Hongi Hika — Ngāpuhi Māori chief, 7 years older
The world in their lifetime
- 1783–1784 Laki eruption — aged 4, Europe
- 1783 Russian annexation of Crimea (1783) — aged 4, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1783 First manned balloon flight — aged 4, Europe
- 1787 US Constitution — aged 8, Americas
- 1788 First Fleet arrives in Australia — aged 9, Oceania
- 1789 Storming of the Bastille — aged 10, Europe
- 1789 Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen — aged 10, Europe
- 1791–1804 Haitian Revolution — aged 12, Americas
- 1796 Jenner's first vaccination — aged 17, Europe
- 1798 Battle of the Pyramids — aged 19, Africa
- 1803 Louisiana Purchase — aged 24, Americas
- 1804 Coronation of Napoleon — aged 25, Europe
- 1804–1813 First Serbian Uprising — aged 25, Europe
- 1804–1903 Usman dan Fodio's jihad and the Sokoto Caliphate — aged 25, Africa
- 1805–1848 Muhammad Ali becomes ruler of Egypt — aged 26, Africa
- 1805 Battle of Trafalgar — aged 26, Europe