Tipu Sultan
1751 – 1799 · 48 years · Srirangapatna · Asia
The 'Tiger of Mysore', a fierce opponent of the British East India Company who pioneered war rockets; killed defending his capital.
Wikipedia (Russian) · Wikipedia (English) · 18th century
Portrait: Public domain · Wikimedia Commons
Contemporaries around the world
Europe
- Johann Wolfgang von Goethe — German poet and thinker, 2 years older
- Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart — Austrian composer, 5 years younger
- Napoleon Bonaparte — Emperor of the French, 18 years younger
- Ludwig van Beethoven — German composer, 19 years younger
- Voltaire — French Enlightenment writer, 57 years older
- Immanuel Kant — German philosopher, 27 years older
Eastern Europe & Russia
- Catherine the Great — Empress of Russia, 22 years older
- Mikhail Lomonosov — Russian polymath, 40 years older
- Alexander Suvorov — Russian generalissimo, 21 years older
- Mikhail Kutuzov — Russian field marshal, 6 years older
- Paul I — emperor who reformed the succession law, killed by conspirators, 3 years younger
- Leonhard Euler — Swiss mathematician, 44 years older
Middle East
- Mahmud II — sultan who destroyed the Janissaries, 34 years younger
- Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab — Islamic religious reformer, 48 years older
- Abdul Hamid I — sultan of the Küçük Kaynarca peace and the loss of Crimea, 26 years older
- Selim III — reforming Ottoman sultan, 10 years younger
- Mustafa III — sultan who lost the war to Catherine II, 34 years older
- Mustafa IV — sultan who overthrew the reformer Selim III, 28 years younger
Africa
- Muhammad Ali of Egypt — ruler of Egypt, 18 years younger
- Shaka — King of the Zulu, 36 years younger
- Usman dan Fodio — founder of the Sokoto Caliphate, 3 years younger
- Ranavalona I — Queen of Madagascar, 27 years younger
- Moshoeshoe I — founder of Lesotho, 35 years younger
Asia
- Qianlong Emperor — Qing emperor of China, 40 years older
- Katsushika Hokusai — Japanese artist, 9 years younger
- Tokugawa Ienari — longest-serving shogun, for half a century, 22 years younger
- Tokugawa Ieharu — shogun of the Tanuma era and the Tenmei famine, 14 years older
- Cao Xueqin — Chinese novelist, 36 years older
- Tokugawa Ieshige — ailing shogun whose speech only one courtier understood, 39 years older
Americas
- George Washington — first President of the United States, 19 years older
- Benjamin Franklin — American scientist and statesman, 45 years older
- Simón Bolívar — liberator of South America, 32 years younger
- Thomas Jefferson — third President of the United States, 8 years older
- Toussaint Louverture — leader of the Haitian Revolution, 8 years older
- Andrew Jackson — 7th US president, the Trail of Tears and the Jacksonian era, 16 years younger
Oceania
- James Cook — British navigator, 23 years older
- Kamehameha I — first King of Hawaii, 7 years younger
- Tupaia — Tahitian navigator and priest, 26 years older
- Arthur Phillip — first Governor of New South Wales, 13 years older
- Bennelong — Aboriginal intermediary, 13 years younger
- Hongi Hika — Ngāpuhi Māori chief, 21 years younger
The world in their lifetime
- 1755 Lisbon earthquake — aged 4, Europe
- 1756–1763 Seven Years' War — aged 5, Europe
- 1757 Battle of Plassey — aged 6, Asia
- c. 1760 Start of the Industrial Revolution — aged 9, Europe
- 1762 Accession of Catherine the Great — aged 11, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1764 Founding of the Hermitage — aged 13, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1768–1771 Cook's first voyage — aged 17, Oceania
- c. 1768 Extinction of Steller's sea cow — aged 17, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1769 Watt's steam engine — aged 18, Europe
- 1772–1795 Partitions of Poland — aged 21, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1776 US Declaration of Independence — aged 25, Americas
- 1783–1784 Laki eruption — aged 32, Europe
- 1783 Russian annexation of Crimea (1783) — aged 32, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1783 First manned balloon flight — aged 32, Europe
- 1787 US Constitution — aged 36, Americas
- 1788 First Fleet arrives in Australia — aged 37, Oceania
- 1789 Storming of the Bastille — aged 38, Europe
- 1789 Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen — aged 38, Europe
- 1791–1804 Haitian Revolution — aged 40, Americas
- 1796 Jenner's first vaccination — aged 45, Europe
- 1798 Battle of the Pyramids — aged 47, Africa