Tokugawa Ieharu
1737 – 1786 · 49 years · Edo · Asia
Reign: 1760 – 1786 (Japan: shoguns & emperors)
Shogun 1760–1786, he left government to Tanuma Okitsugu, who promoted commerce and monopolies and became notorious for bribery. His last years were darkened by the eruption of Mount Asama (1783) and the Great Tenmei Famine.
Wikipedia (Russian) · Wikipedia (English) · 18th century
Portrait: Public domain · Wikimedia Commons
Contemporaries around the world
Europe
- Voltaire — French Enlightenment writer, 43 years older
- Johann Wolfgang von Goethe — German poet and thinker, 12 years younger
- Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart — Austrian composer, 19 years younger
- Napoleon Bonaparte — Emperor of the French, 32 years younger
- Ludwig van Beethoven — German composer, 33 years younger
- Johann Sebastian Bach — German composer and organist, 52 years older
Eastern Europe & Russia
- Catherine the Great — Empress of Russia, 8 years older
- Mikhail Lomonosov — Russian polymath, 26 years older
- Alexander Suvorov — Russian generalissimo, 7 years older
- Leonhard Euler — Swiss mathematician, 30 years older
- Mikhail Kutuzov — Russian field marshal, 8 years younger
- Paul I — emperor who reformed the succession law, killed by conspirators, 17 years younger
Middle East
- Nader Shah — Shah of Iran and conqueror, 49 years older
- Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab — Islamic religious reformer, 34 years older
- Abdul Hamid I — sultan of the Küçük Kaynarca peace and the loss of Crimea, 12 years older
- Mustafa III — sultan who lost the war to Catherine II, 20 years older
- Selim III — reforming Ottoman sultan, 24 years younger
- Osman III — sultan who spent 50 years in the 'cage', 38 years older
Africa
- Muhammad Ali of Egypt — ruler of Egypt, 32 years younger
- Usman dan Fodio — founder of the Sokoto Caliphate, 17 years younger
Asia
- Qianlong Emperor — Qing emperor of China, 26 years older
- Tipu Sultan — ruler of Mysore, 14 years younger
- Katsushika Hokusai — Japanese artist, 23 years younger
- Tokugawa Yoshimune — reforming shogun who allowed Western books, 53 years older
- Tokugawa Ienari — longest-serving shogun, for half a century, 36 years younger
- Cao Xueqin — Chinese novelist, 22 years older
Americas
- Benjamin Franklin — American scientist and statesman, 31 years older
- George Washington — first President of the United States, 5 years older
- Túpac Amaru II — leader of an Andean uprising, 1 year younger
- Thomas Jefferson — third President of the United States, 6 years younger
- Toussaint Louverture — leader of the Haitian Revolution, 6 years younger
- Andrew Jackson — 7th US president, the Trail of Tears and the Jacksonian era, 30 years younger
Oceania
- James Cook — British navigator, 9 years older
- Tupaia — Tahitian navigator and priest, 12 years older
- Kamehameha I — first King of Hawaii, 21 years younger
- Arthur Phillip — first Governor of New South Wales, 1 year younger
- Bennelong — Aboriginal intermediary, 27 years younger
- Hongi Hika — Ngāpuhi Māori chief, 35 years younger
The world in their lifetime
- 1747 Ahmad Shah Durrani founds the Afghan state — aged 10, Middle East
- 1755 Lisbon earthquake — aged 18, Europe
- 1756–1763 Seven Years' War — aged 19, Europe
- 1757 Battle of Plassey — aged 20, Asia
- c. 1760 Start of the Industrial Revolution — aged 23, Europe
- 1762 Accession of Catherine the Great — aged 25, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1764 Founding of the Hermitage — aged 27, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1768–1771 Cook's first voyage — aged 31, Oceania
- c. 1768 Extinction of Steller's sea cow — aged 31, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1769 Watt's steam engine — aged 32, Europe
- 1772–1795 Partitions of Poland — aged 35, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1776 US Declaration of Independence — aged 39, Americas
- 1783–1784 Laki eruption — aged 46, Europe
- 1783 Russian annexation of Crimea (1783) — aged 46, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1783 First manned balloon flight — aged 46, Europe