Osman III
1699 – 1757 · 58 years · Istanbul · Middle East
Reign: 1754 – 1757 (Ottoman Empire)
He took the throne at 55 after half a century of palace confinement and was known for his aversion to music and women. He completed the baroque Nuruosmaniye Mosque.
Wikipedia (Russian) · Wikipedia (English) · 18th century
Portrait: Abdulcelil Levni · CC0 · Wikimedia Commons
Contemporaries around the world
Europe
- Voltaire — French Enlightenment writer, 5 years older
- Johann Sebastian Bach — German composer and organist, 14 years older
- Isaac Newton — English physicist and mathematician, 56 years older
- Louis XIV — King of France, the Sun King, 61 years older
- Carl Linnaeus — Swedish naturalist, 8 years younger
- Louis XV — king under whom France lost Canada, 11 years younger
Eastern Europe & Russia
- Mikhail Lomonosov — Russian polymath, 12 years younger
- Catherine the Great — Empress of Russia, 30 years younger
- Peter the Great — first Emperor of Russia, 27 years older
- Leonhard Euler — Swiss mathematician, 8 years younger
- Elizabeth — empress who founded Moscow University, 10 years younger
- Vitus Bering — Danish explorer in Russian service, 18 years older
Middle East
- Nader Shah — Shah of Iran and conqueror, 11 years older
- Ahmed III — sultan of the 'Tulip Era', 26 years older
- Mahmud I — sultan who regained Belgrade by the 1739 peace, 3 years older
- Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab — Islamic religious reformer, 4 years younger
- Mustafa III — sultan who lost the war to Catherine II, 18 years younger
- Abdul Hamid I — sultan of the Küçük Kaynarca peace and the loss of Crimea, 26 years younger
Africa
- Moulay Ismail — Sultan of Morocco, 54 years older
- Osei Tutu I — founder of the Ashanti Empire, 39 years older
Asia
- Kangxi Emperor — Qing emperor of China, 45 years older
- Tokugawa Yoshimune — reforming shogun who allowed Western books, 15 years older
- Qianlong Emperor — Qing emperor of China, 12 years younger
- Tokugawa Tsunayoshi — the 'Dog Shogun' who outlawed cruelty to animals, 53 years older
- Tokugawa Ieshige — ailing shogun whose speech only one courtier understood, 13 years younger
- Cao Xueqin — Chinese novelist, 16 years younger
Americas
- Benjamin Franklin — American scientist and statesman, 7 years younger
- George Washington — first President of the United States, 33 years younger
- Túpac Amaru II — leader of an Andean uprising, 39 years younger
- Thomas Jefferson — third President of the United States, 44 years younger
- Toussaint Louverture — leader of the Haitian Revolution, 44 years younger
- Aleijadinho — Brazilian sculptor and architect, 31 years younger
Oceania
- James Cook — British navigator, 29 years younger
- Tupaia — Tahitian navigator and priest, 26 years younger
- Arthur Phillip — first Governor of New South Wales, 39 years younger
The world in their lifetime
- 1703 Founding of Saint Petersburg — aged 4, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1709 Battle of Poltava — aged 10, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1721 Proclamation of the Russian Empire — aged 22, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1747 Ahmad Shah Durrani founds the Afghan state — aged 48, Middle East
- 1755 Lisbon earthquake — aged 56, Europe
- 1756–1763 Seven Years' War — aged 57, Europe
- 1757 Battle of Plassey — aged 58, Asia