Túpac Amaru II
1738 – 1781 · 43 years · Cusco · Americas
Inca descendant who led the largest indigenous revolt against Spanish rule in Peru; brutally executed in Cusco.
Wikipedia (Russian) · Wikipedia (English) · 18th century
Portrait: Public domain · Wikimedia Commons
Contemporaries around the world
Europe
- Voltaire — French Enlightenment writer, 44 years older
- Johann Wolfgang von Goethe — German poet and thinker, 11 years younger
- Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart — Austrian composer, 18 years younger
- Johann Sebastian Bach — German composer and organist, 53 years older
- Napoleon Bonaparte — Emperor of the French, 31 years younger
- Ludwig van Beethoven — German composer, 32 years younger
Eastern Europe & Russia
- Catherine the Great — Empress of Russia, 9 years older
- Mikhail Lomonosov — Russian polymath, 27 years older
- Leonhard Euler — Swiss mathematician, 31 years older
- Alexander Suvorov — Russian generalissimo, 8 years older
- Mikhail Kutuzov — Russian field marshal, 7 years younger
- Paul I — emperor who reformed the succession law, killed by conspirators, 16 years younger
Middle East
- Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab — Islamic religious reformer, 35 years older
- Abdul Hamid I — sultan of the Küçük Kaynarca peace and the loss of Crimea, 13 years older
- Mustafa III — sultan who lost the war to Catherine II, 21 years older
- Selim III — reforming Ottoman sultan, 23 years younger
- Osman III — sultan who spent 50 years in the 'cage', 39 years older
- Mahmud I — sultan who regained Belgrade by the 1739 peace, 42 years older
Africa
- Muhammad Ali of Egypt — ruler of Egypt, 31 years younger
- Usman dan Fodio — founder of the Sokoto Caliphate, 16 years younger
Asia
- Qianlong Emperor — Qing emperor of China, 27 years older
- Tipu Sultan — ruler of Mysore, 13 years younger
- Katsushika Hokusai — Japanese artist, 22 years younger
- Tokugawa Yoshimune — reforming shogun who allowed Western books, 54 years older
- Tokugawa Ieharu — shogun of the Tanuma era and the Tenmei famine, 1 year older
- Cao Xueqin — Chinese novelist, 23 years older
Americas
- Benjamin Franklin — American scientist and statesman, 32 years older
- George Washington — first President of the United States, 6 years older
- Thomas Jefferson — third President of the United States, 5 years younger
- Toussaint Louverture — leader of the Haitian Revolution, 5 years younger
- Andrew Jackson — 7th US president, the Trail of Tears and the Jacksonian era, 29 years younger
- Aleijadinho — Brazilian sculptor and architect, 8 years older
Oceania
- James Cook — British navigator, 10 years older
- Tupaia — Tahitian navigator and priest, 13 years older
- Kamehameha I — first King of Hawaii, 20 years younger
- Arthur Phillip — first Governor of New South Wales, born the same year
- Bennelong — Aboriginal intermediary, 26 years younger
The world in their lifetime
- 1747 Ahmad Shah Durrani founds the Afghan state — aged 9, Middle East
- 1755 Lisbon earthquake — aged 17, Europe
- 1756–1763 Seven Years' War — aged 18, Europe
- 1757 Battle of Plassey — aged 19, Asia
- c. 1760 Start of the Industrial Revolution — aged 22, Europe
- 1762 Accession of Catherine the Great — aged 24, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1764 Founding of the Hermitage — aged 26, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1768–1771 Cook's first voyage — aged 30, Oceania
- c. 1768 Extinction of Steller's sea cow — aged 30, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1769 Watt's steam engine — aged 31, Europe
- 1772–1795 Partitions of Poland — aged 34, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1776 US Declaration of Independence — aged 38, Americas