Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab
1703 – 1792 · 89 years · Diriyah · Middle East
Founder of Wahhabism, whose 1744 pact with Emir Muhammad bin Saud laid the foundation of the first Saudi state.
Wikipedia (Russian) · Wikipedia (English) · 18th century
Portrait: أبو آسر · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons
Contemporaries around the world
Europe
- Voltaire — French Enlightenment writer, 9 years older
- Johann Sebastian Bach — German composer and organist, 18 years older
- Johann Wolfgang von Goethe — German poet and thinker, 46 years younger
- Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart — Austrian composer, 53 years younger
- Isaac Newton — English physicist and mathematician, 60 years older
- Napoleon Bonaparte — Emperor of the French, 66 years younger
Eastern Europe & Russia
- Catherine the Great — Empress of Russia, 26 years younger
- Mikhail Lomonosov — Russian polymath, 8 years younger
- Peter the Great — first Emperor of Russia, 31 years older
- Leonhard Euler — Swiss mathematician, 4 years younger
- Alexander Suvorov — Russian generalissimo, 27 years younger
- Elizabeth — empress who founded Moscow University, 6 years younger
Middle East
- Nader Shah — Shah of Iran and conqueror, 15 years older
- Ahmed III — sultan of the 'Tulip Era', 30 years older
- Abdul Hamid I — sultan of the Küçük Kaynarca peace and the loss of Crimea, 22 years younger
- Mustafa III — sultan who lost the war to Catherine II, 14 years younger
- Osman III — sultan who spent 50 years in the 'cage', 4 years older
- Mahmud I — sultan who regained Belgrade by the 1739 peace, 7 years older
Africa
- Muhammad Ali of Egypt — ruler of Egypt, 66 years younger
- Usman dan Fodio — founder of the Sokoto Caliphate, 51 years younger
- Moulay Ismail — Sultan of Morocco, 58 years older
- Osei Tutu I — founder of the Ashanti Empire, 43 years older
- Ranavalona I — Queen of Madagascar, 75 years younger
Asia
- Kangxi Emperor — Qing emperor of China, 49 years older
- Qianlong Emperor — Qing emperor of China, 8 years younger
- Tokugawa Yoshimune — reforming shogun who allowed Western books, 19 years older
- Tipu Sultan — ruler of Mysore, 48 years younger
- Katsushika Hokusai — Japanese artist, 57 years younger
- Tokugawa Ienari — longest-serving shogun, for half a century, 70 years younger
Americas
- Benjamin Franklin — American scientist and statesman, 3 years younger
- George Washington — first President of the United States, 29 years younger
- Thomas Jefferson — third President of the United States, 40 years younger
- Toussaint Louverture — leader of the Haitian Revolution, 40 years younger
- Túpac Amaru II — leader of an Andean uprising, 35 years younger
- Andrew Jackson — 7th US president, the Trail of Tears and the Jacksonian era, 64 years younger
Oceania
- James Cook — British navigator, 25 years younger
- Tupaia — Tahitian navigator and priest, 22 years younger
- Kamehameha I — first King of Hawaii, 55 years younger
- Arthur Phillip — first Governor of New South Wales, 35 years younger
- Bennelong — Aboriginal intermediary, 61 years younger
- Hongi Hika — Ngāpuhi Māori chief, 69 years younger
The world in their lifetime
- 1703 Founding of Saint Petersburg — aged 0, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1709 Battle of Poltava — aged 6, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1721 Proclamation of the Russian Empire — aged 18, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1747 Ahmad Shah Durrani founds the Afghan state — aged 44, Middle East
- 1755 Lisbon earthquake — aged 52, Europe
- 1756–1763 Seven Years' War — aged 53, Europe
- 1757 Battle of Plassey — aged 54, Asia
- c. 1760 Start of the Industrial Revolution — aged 57, Europe
- 1762 Accession of Catherine the Great — aged 59, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1764 Founding of the Hermitage — aged 61, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1768–1771 Cook's first voyage — aged 65, Oceania
- c. 1768 Extinction of Steller's sea cow — aged 65, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1769 Watt's steam engine — aged 66, Europe
- 1772–1795 Partitions of Poland — aged 69, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1776 US Declaration of Independence — aged 73, Americas
- 1783–1784 Laki eruption — aged 80, Europe
- 1783 Russian annexation of Crimea (1783) — aged 80, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1783 First manned balloon flight — aged 80, Europe
- 1787 US Constitution — aged 84, Americas
- 1788 First Fleet arrives in Australia — aged 85, Oceania
- 1789 Storming of the Bastille — aged 86, Europe
- 1789 Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen — aged 86, Europe
- 1791–1804 Haitian Revolution — aged 88, Americas