Toussaint Louverture
c. 1743 – 1803 · 60 years · Cap-Français · Americas
Former slave who led the revolt in Saint-Domingue, abolished slavery and paved the way for Haitian independence; died in a French prison.
Wikipedia (Russian) · Wikipedia (English) · 18th century
Portrait: Public domain · Wikimedia Commons
Contemporaries around the world
Europe
- Johann Wolfgang von Goethe — German poet and thinker, 6 years younger
- Voltaire — French Enlightenment writer, 49 years older
- Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart — Austrian composer, 13 years younger
- Napoleon Bonaparte — Emperor of the French, 26 years younger
- Ludwig van Beethoven — German composer, 27 years younger
- Immanuel Kant — German philosopher, 19 years older
Eastern Europe & Russia
- Catherine the Great — Empress of Russia, 14 years older
- Mikhail Lomonosov — Russian polymath, 32 years older
- Mikhail Kutuzov — Russian field marshal, 2 years younger
- Alexander Suvorov — Russian generalissimo, 13 years older
- Paul I — emperor who reformed the succession law, killed by conspirators, 11 years younger
- Leonhard Euler — Swiss mathematician, 36 years older
Middle East
- Mahmud II — sultan who destroyed the Janissaries, 42 years younger
- Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab — Islamic religious reformer, 40 years older
- Abdul Hamid I — sultan of the Küçük Kaynarca peace and the loss of Crimea, 18 years older
- Selim III — reforming Ottoman sultan, 18 years younger
- Mustafa III — sultan who lost the war to Catherine II, 26 years older
- Mustafa IV — sultan who overthrew the reformer Selim III, 36 years younger
Africa
- Muhammad Ali of Egypt — ruler of Egypt, 26 years younger
- Shaka — King of the Zulu, 44 years younger
- Usman dan Fodio — founder of the Sokoto Caliphate, 11 years younger
- Ranavalona I — Queen of Madagascar, 35 years younger
- Moshoeshoe I — founder of Lesotho, 43 years younger
Asia
- Qianlong Emperor — Qing emperor of China, 32 years older
- Tipu Sultan — ruler of Mysore, 8 years younger
- Katsushika Hokusai — Japanese artist, 17 years younger
- Tokugawa Ienari — longest-serving shogun, for half a century, 30 years younger
- Tokugawa Ieharu — shogun of the Tanuma era and the Tenmei famine, 6 years older
- Cao Xueqin — Chinese novelist, 28 years older
Americas
- George Washington — first President of the United States, 11 years older
- Benjamin Franklin — American scientist and statesman, 37 years older
- Simón Bolívar — liberator of South America, 40 years younger
- Thomas Jefferson — third President of the United States, born the same year
- Túpac Amaru II — leader of an Andean uprising, 5 years older
- Andrew Jackson — 7th US president, the Trail of Tears and the Jacksonian era, 24 years younger
Oceania
- James Cook — British navigator, 15 years older
- Kamehameha I — first King of Hawaii, 15 years younger
- Tupaia — Tahitian navigator and priest, 18 years older
- Arthur Phillip — first Governor of New South Wales, 5 years older
- Bennelong — Aboriginal intermediary, 21 years younger
- Hongi Hika — Ngāpuhi Māori chief, 29 years younger
The world in their lifetime
- 1747 Ahmad Shah Durrani founds the Afghan state — aged 4, Middle East
- 1755 Lisbon earthquake — aged 12, Europe
- 1756–1763 Seven Years' War — aged 13, Europe
- 1757 Battle of Plassey — aged 14, Asia
- c. 1760 Start of the Industrial Revolution — aged 17, Europe
- 1762 Accession of Catherine the Great — aged 19, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1764 Founding of the Hermitage — aged 21, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1768–1771 Cook's first voyage — aged 25, Oceania
- c. 1768 Extinction of Steller's sea cow — aged 25, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1769 Watt's steam engine — aged 26, Europe
- 1772–1795 Partitions of Poland — aged 29, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1776 US Declaration of Independence — aged 33, Americas
- 1783–1784 Laki eruption — aged 40, Europe
- 1783 Russian annexation of Crimea (1783) — aged 40, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1783 First manned balloon flight — aged 40, Europe
- 1787 US Constitution — aged 44, Americas
- 1788 First Fleet arrives in Australia — aged 45, Oceania
- 1789 Storming of the Bastille — aged 46, Europe
- 1789 Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen — aged 46, Europe
- 1791–1804 Haitian Revolution — aged 48, Americas
- 1796 Jenner's first vaccination — aged 53, Europe
- 1798 Battle of the Pyramids — aged 55, Africa
- 1803 Louisiana Purchase — aged 60, Americas