Kamehameha I
c. 1758 – 1819 · 61 years · Kailua-Kona · Oceania
United the Hawaiian Islands into a single kingdom by 1810 and kept them independent of the European powers.
Wikipedia (Russian) · Wikipedia (English) · 18th century
Portrait: Louis Choris · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons
Contemporaries around the world
Europe
- Johann Wolfgang von Goethe — German poet and thinker, 9 years older
- Napoleon Bonaparte — Emperor of the French, 11 years younger
- Ludwig van Beethoven — German composer, 12 years younger
- Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart — Austrian composer, 2 years older
- Voltaire — French Enlightenment writer, 64 years older
- Charles Darwin — naturalist, author of evolutionary theory, 51 years younger
Eastern Europe & Russia
- Catherine the Great — Empress of Russia, 29 years older
- Alexander Pushkin — Russian poet, 41 years younger
- Mikhail Kutuzov — Russian field marshal, 13 years older
- Paul I — emperor who reformed the succession law, killed by conspirators, 4 years older
- Alexander Suvorov — Russian generalissimo, 28 years older
- Alexander I — emperor who defeated Napoleon, 19 years younger
Middle East
- Mahmud II — sultan who destroyed the Janissaries, 27 years younger
- Selim III — reforming Ottoman sultan, 3 years younger
- Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab — Islamic religious reformer, 55 years older
- Abdul Hamid I — sultan of the Küçük Kaynarca peace and the loss of Crimea, 33 years older
- Mustafa IV — sultan who overthrew the reformer Selim III, 21 years younger
- Mustafa III — sultan who lost the war to Catherine II, 41 years older
Africa
- Muhammad Ali of Egypt — ruler of Egypt, 11 years younger
- Shaka — King of the Zulu, 29 years younger
- Usman dan Fodio — founder of the Sokoto Caliphate, 4 years older
- Ranavalona I — Queen of Madagascar, 20 years younger
- Moshoeshoe I — founder of Lesotho, 28 years younger
Asia
- Katsushika Hokusai — Japanese artist, 2 years younger
- Tokugawa Ienari — longest-serving shogun, for half a century, 15 years younger
- Qianlong Emperor — Qing emperor of China, 47 years older
- Tipu Sultan — ruler of Mysore, 7 years older
- Tokugawa Ieharu — shogun of the Tanuma era and the Tenmei famine, 21 years older
- Tokugawa Ieyoshi — shogun who died just after the Black Ships arrived, 35 years younger
Americas
- George Washington — first President of the United States, 26 years older
- Simón Bolívar — liberator of South America, 25 years younger
- Benjamin Franklin — American scientist and statesman, 52 years older
- Abraham Lincoln — 16th President of the United States, 51 years younger
- Thomas Jefferson — third President of the United States, 15 years older
- Andrew Jackson — 7th US president, the Trail of Tears and the Jacksonian era, 9 years younger
Oceania
- James Cook — British navigator, 30 years older
- Tupaia — Tahitian navigator and priest, 33 years older
- Arthur Phillip — first Governor of New South Wales, 20 years older
- Bennelong — Aboriginal intermediary, 6 years younger
- Hongi Hika — Ngāpuhi Māori chief, 14 years younger
The world in their lifetime
- c. 1760 Start of the Industrial Revolution — aged 2, Europe
- 1762 Accession of Catherine the Great — aged 4, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1764 Founding of the Hermitage — aged 6, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1768–1771 Cook's first voyage — aged 10, Oceania
- c. 1768 Extinction of Steller's sea cow — aged 10, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1769 Watt's steam engine — aged 11, Europe
- 1772–1795 Partitions of Poland — aged 14, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1776 US Declaration of Independence — aged 18, Americas
- 1783–1784 Laki eruption — aged 25, Europe
- 1783 Russian annexation of Crimea (1783) — aged 25, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1783 First manned balloon flight — aged 25, Europe
- 1787 US Constitution — aged 29, Americas
- 1788 First Fleet arrives in Australia — aged 30, Oceania
- 1789 Storming of the Bastille — aged 31, Europe
- 1789 Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen — aged 31, Europe
- 1791–1804 Haitian Revolution — aged 33, Americas
- 1796 Jenner's first vaccination — aged 38, Europe
- 1798 Battle of the Pyramids — aged 40, Africa
- 1803 Louisiana Purchase — aged 45, Americas
- 1804 Coronation of Napoleon — aged 46, Europe
- 1804–1813 First Serbian Uprising — aged 46, Europe
- 1804–1903 Usman dan Fodio's jihad and the Sokoto Caliphate — aged 46, Africa
- 1805–1848 Muhammad Ali becomes ruler of Egypt — aged 47, Africa
- 1805 Battle of Trafalgar — aged 47, Europe
- 1810–1826 Spanish American wars of independence — aged 52, Americas
- 1812 Napoleon's invasion of Russia — aged 54, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1814–1815 Congress of Vienna — aged 56, Europe
- 1815 Eruption of Mount Tambora — aged 57, Asia
- 1815 Battle of Waterloo — aged 57, Europe
- 1816 Year Without a Summer — aged 58, Europe
- 1817–1824 First cholera pandemic — aged 59, Asia
- 1817 San Martín's Crossing of the Andes — aged 59, Americas
- 1819 Raffles founds modern Singapore — aged 61, Asia