Charles VII
1697 – 1745 · 48 years · Munich · Europe
Reign: 1742 – 1745 (Holy Roman Empire & Austria)
Elector Charles Albert of Bavaria, who challenged Maria Theresa's inheritance. Backed by France and Prussia, he was elected emperor in 1742, but almost at once the Austrians took Munich, and he spent most of his reign in exile in Frankfurt.
Wikipedia (Russian) · Wikipedia (English) · 18th century
Portrait: Workshop of Georg Desmarées · CC0 · Wikimedia Commons
Contemporaries around the world
Europe
- Johann Sebastian Bach — German composer and organist, 12 years older
- Voltaire — French Enlightenment writer, 3 years older
- Isaac Newton — English physicist and mathematician, 54 years older
- Louis XIV — King of France, the Sun King, 59 years older
- Carl Linnaeus — Swedish naturalist, 10 years younger
- Louis XV — king under whom France lost Canada, 13 years younger
Eastern Europe & Russia
- Mikhail Lomonosov — Russian polymath, 14 years younger
- Peter the Great — first Emperor of Russia, 25 years older
- Catherine the Great — Empress of Russia, 32 years younger
- Vitus Bering — Danish explorer in Russian service, 16 years older
- Anna — empress who tore up the Conditions; era of Biron's dominance, 4 years older
- Leonhard Euler — Swiss mathematician, 10 years younger
Middle East
- Nader Shah — Shah of Iran and conqueror, 9 years older
- Ahmed III — sultan of the 'Tulip Era', 24 years older
- Mahmud I — sultan who regained Belgrade by the 1739 peace, 1 year older
- Osman III — sultan who spent 50 years in the 'cage', 2 years younger
- Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab — Islamic religious reformer, 6 years younger
- Mustafa III — sultan who lost the war to Catherine II, 20 years younger
Africa
- Moulay Ismail — Sultan of Morocco, 52 years older
- Osei Tutu I — founder of the Ashanti Empire, 37 years older
Asia
- Kangxi Emperor — Qing emperor of China, 43 years older
- Tokugawa Yoshimune — reforming shogun who allowed Western books, 13 years older
- Qianlong Emperor — Qing emperor of China, 14 years younger
- Tokugawa Tsunayoshi — the 'Dog Shogun' who outlawed cruelty to animals, 51 years older
- Aurangzeb — Mughal emperor, 79 years older
- Tokugawa Ieshige — ailing shogun whose speech only one courtier understood, 15 years younger
Americas
- Benjamin Franklin — American scientist and statesman, 9 years younger
- George Washington — first President of the United States, 35 years younger
- Aleijadinho — Brazilian sculptor and architect, 33 years younger
- John Adams — 2nd US president, one of the Founding Fathers, 38 years younger
Oceania
- James Cook — British navigator, 31 years younger
- Tupaia — Tahitian navigator and priest, 28 years younger
The world in their lifetime
- 1703 Founding of Saint Petersburg — aged 6, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1709 Battle of Poltava — aged 12, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1721 Proclamation of the Russian Empire — aged 24, Eastern Europe & Russia