William III of Orange
%2C%20prins%20van%20Oranje%2C%20koning%20van%20Engeland%20-%20C252%20-%20Cultural%20Heritage%20Agency%20of%20the%20Netherlands%20Art%20Collection.jpg?width=160 "Godfrey Kneller · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons")
1650 – 1702 · 52 years · London · Europe
Reign: 1689 – 1702 (England and Britain)
Stadtholder of the Dutch Republic who landed in England in 1688 and ruled jointly with his wife Mary II. He accepted the Bill of Rights of 1689, limiting royal power, and defeated James II at the Battle of the Boyne in Ireland.
Wikipedia (Russian) · Wikipedia (English) · 17th century
Portrait: Godfrey Kneller · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons
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Contemporaries around the world
Europe
- Louis XIV — King of France, the Sun King, 12 years older
- Isaac Newton — English physicist and mathematician, 7 years older
- Rembrandt — Dutch painter, 44 years older
- Johann Sebastian Bach — German composer and organist, 35 years younger
- Leopold I — emperor under whom Vienna was saved from the Turks and Hungary retaken, 10 years older
- Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz — German philosopher and mathematician, 4 years older
Eastern Europe & Russia
- Peter the Great — first Emperor of Russia, 22 years younger
- Alexis the Most Quiet — tsar of the 1649 Law Code and the church schism, 21 years older
- Vitus Bering — Danish explorer in Russian service, 31 years younger
- Catherine I — first Russian empress, widow of Peter the Great, 34 years younger
- Feodor III — tsar who abolished the precedence system (mestnichestvo), 11 years younger
Middle East
- Ahmed III — sultan of the 'Tulip Era', 23 years younger
- Nader Shah — Shah of Iran and conqueror, 38 years younger
- Ahmed II — sultan who lost the Battle of Slankamen, 7 years older
- Mehmed IV the Hunter — sultan of the Köprülü era and the siege of Vienna, 8 years older
- Suleiman II — sultan who retook Belgrade after 39 years in the 'cage', 8 years older
- Mustafa II — sultan who signed the Treaty of Karlowitz, 14 years younger
Africa
- Njinga of Ndongo and Matamba — Queen of Ndongo and Matamba, 67 years older
- Moulay Ismail — Sultan of Morocco, 5 years older
- Osei Tutu I — founder of the Ashanti Empire, 10 years younger
- Kimpa Vita — Kongolese prophet, 34 years younger
- Fasilides — Emperor of Ethiopia, 47 years older
Asia
- Kangxi Emperor — Qing emperor of China, 4 years younger
- Aurangzeb — Mughal emperor, 32 years older
- Tokugawa Tsunayoshi — the 'Dog Shogun' who outlawed cruelty to animals, 4 years older
- Matsuo Bashō — Japanese poet, 6 years older
- Shivaji — founder of the Maratha state, 20 years older
- Tokugawa Yoshimune — reforming shogun who allowed Western books, 34 years younger
Americas
- Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz — Mexican poet and nun, 2 years older
The world in their lifetime
- 1654 Pereiaslav Agreement — aged 4, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1662 Last sighting of the dodo — aged 12, Africa
- 1676 Leeuwenhoek sees microbes — aged 26, Europe
- 1682 Accession of Peter the Great — aged 32, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1683 Battle of Vienna — aged 33, Europe
- 1687 Newton's Principia — aged 37, Europe
- 1688–1689 Glorious Revolution — aged 38, Europe