Yemelyan Pugachev
.jpg?width=160 "Public domain · Wikimedia Commons")
c. 1742 – 1775 · 33 years · Orenburg · Eastern Europe & Russia
Posing as Emperor Peter III, he led Russia's largest Cossack and peasant uprising (1773–1775) before being executed in Moscow.
Wikipedia (Russian) · Wikipedia (English) · 18th century
Portrait: Public domain · Wikimedia Commons
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Contemporaries around the world
Europe
- Voltaire — French Enlightenment writer, 48 years older
- Johann Wolfgang von Goethe — German poet and thinker, 7 years younger
- Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart — Austrian composer, 14 years younger
- Carl Linnaeus — Swedish naturalist, 35 years older
- Frederick the Great — King of Prussia, 30 years older
- Jean-Jacques Rousseau — philosopher and writer, 30 years older
Eastern Europe & Russia
- Catherine the Great — Empress of Russia, 13 years older
- Mikhail Lomonosov — Russian polymath, 31 years older
- Leonhard Euler — Swiss mathematician, 35 years older
- Alexander Suvorov — Russian generalissimo, 12 years older
- Mikhail Kutuzov — Russian field marshal, 3 years younger
- Paul I — emperor who reformed the succession law, killed by conspirators, 12 years younger
Middle East
- Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab — Islamic religious reformer, 39 years older
- Abdul Hamid I — sultan of the Küçük Kaynarca peace and the loss of Crimea, 17 years older
- Mustafa III — sultan who lost the war to Catherine II, 25 years older
- Osman III — sultan who spent 50 years in the 'cage', 43 years older
- Selim III — reforming Ottoman sultan, 19 years younger
- Mahmud I — sultan who regained Belgrade by the 1739 peace, 46 years older
Africa
- Usman dan Fodio — founder of the Sokoto Caliphate, 12 years younger
Asia
- Qianlong Emperor — Qing emperor of China, 31 years older
- Tipu Sultan — ruler of Mysore, 9 years younger
- Katsushika Hokusai — Japanese artist, 18 years younger
- Tokugawa Ieharu — shogun of the Tanuma era and the Tenmei famine, 5 years older
- Cao Xueqin — Chinese novelist, 27 years older
- Tokugawa Ieshige — ailing shogun whose speech only one courtier understood, 30 years older
Americas
- Benjamin Franklin — American scientist and statesman, 36 years older
- George Washington — first President of the United States, 10 years older
- Túpac Amaru II — leader of an Andean uprising, 4 years older
- Thomas Jefferson — third President of the United States, 1 year younger
- Toussaint Louverture — leader of the Haitian Revolution, 1 year younger
- Aleijadinho — Brazilian sculptor and architect, 12 years older
Oceania
- James Cook — British navigator, 14 years older
- Tupaia — Tahitian navigator and priest, 17 years older
- Kamehameha I — first King of Hawaii, 16 years younger
- Arthur Phillip — first Governor of New South Wales, 4 years older
- Bennelong — Aboriginal intermediary, 22 years younger
The world in their lifetime
- 1747 Ahmad Shah Durrani founds the Afghan state — aged 5, Middle East
- 1755 Lisbon earthquake — aged 13, Europe
- 1756–1763 Seven Years' War — aged 14, Europe
- 1757 Battle of Plassey — aged 15, Asia
- c. 1760 Start of the Industrial Revolution — aged 18, Europe
- 1762 Accession of Catherine the Great — aged 20, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1764 Founding of the Hermitage — aged 22, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1768–1771 Cook's first voyage — aged 26, Oceania
- c. 1768 Extinction of Steller's sea cow — aged 26, Eastern Europe & Russia
- 1769 Watt's steam engine — aged 27, Europe
- 1772–1795 Partitions of Poland — aged 30, Eastern Europe & Russia